PSYC 1010 Study Guide - Final Guide: Random Assignment, Scatter Plot, Operational Definition
31 May 2018
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PSYC 1010 EXAM REVIEW
REVIEW BEFORE EXAM 1
• Statistics
o 2 broad classes
▪ descriptive
• describing and organizing data
▪ inferential
• making inferences
• scientific method
o allows for a cause and effect explanation
o 3 ways of knowing
▪ observation
• using your senses
▪ inductive logic
• specific to general
• problems
o sampling error
▪ deductive logic
• general to specific
o 3 goals
▪ observe and describe lawful relationships between variables
• to accomplish goal 1 we need
o descriptive stats
▪ predict new observations, predict what would happen in general
• to accomplish goal 2 we need
o inferential stats
▪ explain why the observed relationship between variables occurs (gives
the cause)
• to accomplish goal 3 we need
o theory
▪ an explanation for an observed result
▪ theory construct
• the central explanation of the theory
o ou a’t osere this diretl
▪ tested using a
• true experiment
• types of variables
o manipulated
▪ the variable you take control of
o measured
▪ the ariale ou do’t otrol
• types of studies
o true experiment
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▪ types of variables
• 1 manipulated
• 1 measured
▪ type of assignment
• random assignment
▪ how results are graphed
• bar or line
o correlational
▪ types of variables
• 2 measured variables
▪ is there random assignment
• nope
▪ how results are graphed
• scatterplot
o quasi
▪ types of variables
• 2 measured variables
o 1 quasi iv (pre existing group)
o 1 dv
▪ is there random assignment
• nope
▪ when would you use a quasi
• ou a’t ake soeoe depressed or e alourished
• scales of measurement
o nominal
▪ different names
o ordinal
▪ different names organized in a fixed order corresponding to different
magnitudes
o interval
▪ ordered categories that are intervals of the same size
o ratio
▪ interval scale with absolute zero point
• frequency distributions
o simple frequency distribution
▪ use when
• the range is small
• difference between highest and lowest is less than 18 or so
▪ types of limits
• real
• apparent
o grouped frequency distributions
▪ use when
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• the range is larger than 18 or 20
▪ class interval
• use a convenient interval size
• all intervals should be the same size
o graphing frequency
▪ use a
• histogram
• polygon
• central tendency
o trying to find a typical score in a group of people
o measures
▪ mean
• average
• preferred measure
o includes all the scores
• outlier present in data?
o Mean no longer representative of typical score
▪ median
• middle score when you sort from low to high
▪ mode
• score that happens most frequently
• variability
o how spread out are the scores
o important bc
▪ tells you how accurate of a description your mean is of the sample
o standard deviation
▪ gives you the typical difference between each score and the mean
▪ sign
• positive= above mean
• negative=below mean
▪ rounding
• round to 2 decimal places
REVIEW BEFORE EXAM 2
• z score
o allows you to express where a person stands relative to everyone else
▪ ho far soeoe’s sore is fro the ea
▪ measured in standard deviation lengths
o sign
▪ positive= score falls to right of mean
▪ negative= score falls to left of mean
o need to calculate mean and standard deviation before you can calculate z score
o types of questions
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find more resources at oneclass.com
