ANT101H5 Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Joint Attention, Linguistic System, Hominidae
ANT101H5
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Sign%that%are%not%intentionally%communicative%includes%things%like%blinking,%
twitching,%sweating,%and%perhaps%crying
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Also%includes,%walking%or%looking%in%a%certain%direction%or%drying%someone's%face%
with%a%cloth
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There%are%also%actions%performed%under%voluntary%control%but%without%
communicative%intent%
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Humans%are%master%of%intention%reading,%one%human%can%manipulate%another's%
capacity%to%read%intention
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Referential*Vs*Non*-referential*
Referential%communication%is%necessarily%intentional%
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Non%referential%communication%may%or%may%not%be%intentional%
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Semanticity*:*the*quality*that*linguistic*system*has*of*being*able*to*convey*meanings,*
in*particular*by*reference*to*the*world*of*physical*reality*
One%aspect%of%semanticity%is%reference
Reference%with%pointing%%
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This%requires%"joint%attention"%
Not%independently%(aka%conversation%works)
§
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-
Reference%with%words%is%when%person%A%is%asking%for%person%B%to%pass%the%salt
Is%also%when%person%A%is%asking%for%the%salt
This%is%called%the%"joint%attentional%model"%or%the%"standard%
intentionality%model"
§
○
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A%crucial%part%of%referencing%is%that%they%both%know%that%the%other%person%knows%
that%they%are%referring%to%the%salt%
This%is%a%form%of%second*order*knowledge*
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Verbal%communication%does%not%need%to%refer%to%something
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Non%referential%communication%is%something%like%"hi"
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From%an%early%age%human%children%are%communicating%referentially%about%things
They%show%things%to%others%by%creating%joint%attentional%frame
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1"Intention,"Reference
Monday,%October%16,%2017
9:14%PM
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They%show%things%to%others%by%creating%joint%attentional%frame
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Document Summary
Sign that are not intentionally communicative includes things like blinking, twitching, sweating, and perhaps crying. Also includes, walking or looking in a certain direction or drying someone"s face with a cloth. There are also actions performed under voluntary control but without communicative intent. Humans are master of intention reading, one human can manipulate another"s capacity to read intention. Non referential communication may or may not be intentional. Semanticity : the quality that linguistic system has of being able to convey meanings, in particular by reference to the world of physical reality. Reference with words is when person a is asking for person b to pass the salt. Is also when person a is asking for the salt. This is called the "joint attentional model" or the "standard intentionality model" A crucial part of referencing is that they both know that the other person knows that they are referring to the salt. This is a form of second order knowledge.
