ESPM 131 Study Guide - Final Guide: Arsenate, Lithotroph, Chemotroph
14 May 2018
School
Course
Professor
ESPM 131 Soil Microbial Ecology Review Questions for Exam 3 April 2
In the periodic table Arsenic is below what element?
P
Sarick Matzen briely discussed “e largest mass poisoning in human history” What did this refer to?
Arsenic in groundwater
Most arsenic occurs in what two oxidation states?
As (V) - Arsenate and AS (III) - Arsenite
What redox transformations of arsenic do microbes catalyze?
Reduction from V to III → respiration (DAR), detox
Oxidation from III to V → for detox, chemolithotrophic ox (aerobic), phototrophic ox (anaerobic)
Methylation → for detox
What important transformations of selenium do microbes catalyze?
Reduction from VI to IV/0 → assimilatory/immobilization, dissim for resp, detox mech
Oxidation from IV to VI → chemo/heterotrophic
Methylation → for detox
What are NAPLs and why are the compounds in this group generally dificult to biodegrade?
Non-aqueous phase liquids - hydrophobic, so aren’t soluble in water and can only degrade at interface
with water, sorb to organic matter/matrix → less bioavailable
Use the following figures (Compound A and B) to answer the questions that follow:
For which compound can degrading organisms be isolated by enrichment culture?
Compound B - not co-metabolized
Which compound appears to be degraded by a co-metabolic pathway?
A
e degradation products of which compound probably enter central metabolic pathways?
B
Which compound requires an alternative primary substrate to support growth?
A
Which compound shows a pattern consistent with lignin degradation?
A
Xenobiotic compounds can be dificult for soil microorganisms to degrade for a number of reasons.
Briely discuss one reason from each group:
A. Intrinsic character of compound.
Could have complicated bonding structures/be long-chained
B. Physical environment
Could be a pH not suitable for organisms that degrade the compound
C. Bioavailability
e xenobiotic compound could be sorbed to minerals and not be available to degraders
Define the following terms using in plant microbial interactions:
Document Summary
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