CHEM 301 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Oxidative Phosphorylation, 3I, Lysine
Document Summary
Know the four major groups of molecular building blocks of the cell: amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleosides. Know the names and structures of natural building blocks of nucleic acids: cytosine, adenine, guanine, thymine, uracil (picture on right) Be able to describe the importance of the aqueous cellular environment in the context of the major molecular building blocks. 3 metabolism (sunlight from photosynthesis or oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria: is coupled with endergonic reactions (reactions that need energy to work) to provide energy; makes reactions happen when they don"t normally want to. This can be useful in changing a hydrophobic amino acid to a hydrophilic amino acid (such as phosphorylation of tyrosine). Recognize the infinite number of possible polypeptide sequences: on average, a protein in the human genome has approximately 485 amino acids per polypeptide chain. This makes there a possibility of 20485 polypeptide sequences within the human body.
