BIOL 1201 : Final Exam Cell Signaling Notes (pre-lecture Videos)

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azuremammoth471

15 Mar 2019

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Direct contact: one cell physically is in contact with another one. Local: cells are in contact will cells close by. Paracrine and synaptic signaling: gap junctions and plasmodesmata: allow material to flow between two cells (direct contact) Cell-cell recognition: cell that has receptors and cell that has signal molecules that come together and cause effect in the cell with the receptor. Long distance signaling: signal molecules are produced by a cell that diffuse into the blood stream and then spread to the entire body and into target cells (adrenal gland releasing adrenaline affecting muscle cells all over the body) There are multiple tyrosine residues so it can bind multiple relay proteins; it"s capable of eliciting multiple cellular responses at the same time. Neuron basics: types of neurons (nerve cell, sensory neurons: conduct information from receptor cells to central nervous system (cns, cell body is in the middle of the axon.

Related Questions

Match the below types of cell communication with the appropriate descriptions

	Small hydrophobic proteins travel through the endocrine glands and cross to plasma membrane to directly
	Electrical signals which can be converted to chemical signals are synaptic junctions
	Cell-surface receptors interact with neighboring cell
	signaling molecules are excreted by the cell to a local region to influence a tissues behaviour

A.	Paracrine
B.	Endocrine
C.	Neuronal
D.	contact-dependant

ambersalmon442

From the following list, select all options that are correctwith respect to the synapse.

Question 5 options:

A)	the synapse is the site where the plasma membrane that coversthe axon terminal of one neuron makes direct contact with and fusesto the plasma membrane on the cell body or dendrite of anotherneuron

B)	the action potential travels through extracellular fluid in thesynapse to get from one neuron to the next

C)	presynaptic nerve terminals release chemical messengers into thesynapse in response to arrival of an action potential

D)	signaling molecules in the synapse can be broken down by enzymesthat are present on the post synaptic cell membrane

E)	signaling molecules in the synapse can bind to 're-uptake'receptors and be taken back into the presynaptic neuron forbreakdown or for repackaging/reuse

F)	signaling molecules can be taken into and degraded within thepostsynaptic cell

G)	signaling molecules in the synapse function as chemicalmessengers that regulate the opening of ligand-gated channels inthe plasma membranes of post synaptic cells

graymink444

The insulin receptor is a
a. phosphatase.
b. kinase.
c. phosphodiesterase.
d. cAMP molecule.
e. G protein.

What do the following receptors all have in common: G protein-linked receptors, protein kinases, and ion channels?
Select one:
a. Conformational change once the ligand is bound
b. Ligand binding
c. Amplification of the signal
d. All of the above

Diacylglycerol
Select one:
a. activates G proteins.
b. hydrolyzes phosphatidyl inositol-bisphosphate.
c. is released from the cell as a paracrine-signaling molecule.
d. opens Ca2+ channels.
e. activates protein kinase C

Gap junctions
Select one:
a. permit metabolic cooperation among linked cells.
b. are present on few copies per cell.
c. contain membrane lined bridges.
d. are channels about 1. 5 mm in diameter.
e. allow large molecules and ions to pass rapidly between cells.

Smooth muscle cells in the airways relax while those in the blood vessels contract in response to the hormone epinephrine. What would you expect to be different in these two types of cells exposed to epinephrine?
Select one:
a. Presence of epinephrine receptors.
b. Exposure to epinephrine released by neighboring cells.
c. Activation of protein kinases.
d. Rate of metabolism.
e. Types of proteins expressed.

The second messenger IP3
Select one:
a. is released from the cell as a paracrine-signaling molecule.
b. hydrolyzes phosphatidyl inositol-bisphosphate.
c. activates protein kinase C.
d. opens Ca2+ channels.
e. activates G proteins.

sangriaskunk539

BIOL 1201 : Final Exam Cell Signaling Notes (pre-lecture Videos)

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