BIOL 1202 : Exam 2 Review
Document Summary
Microbes: eukaryotes are the biggest living microbes, prokaryotes are the smallest living microbes, viruses are smaller than prokaryotes, but are not living. Proper way to write genus and species (homo sapien) Know different parts of the tree: cladogram- the whole tree, clade- a monophyletic group (an ancestral species and all of its descendants, node- branch point, speciation event, lineage- same as a clade. Paraphyletic group- group consists of an ancestor and some of its descendants. Monophyletic group- an ancestral species & all of its descendants. Polyphyletic group- more than one ancestral species & all of its descendants. Homologous structures: common ancestor: divergence explains why homologous structures look different, derived characters-unique to a clade (ex. Hair in mammals: primitive characteristics- ancestral, like a backbone. Occam"s razor- the most parsimonious (least evolutionary events) arrangement of individuals in an evolutionary tree.
