BIOL 1202 : BIOL 1202 Final Stidy Guide Comprehensive Portion

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azuremammoth471

15 Mar 2019

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Study guide for comprehensive portion of the final exam. Chapter 23: explain the statement it is the population, not the individual that evolves. Chapter 24: distinguish between allopatric and sympatric speciation, allopatric-gene flow interrupted when a population is divided into geographically isolated subpopulations, sympatric-subset forms new species without geographic separation. List the reproductive barriers that may lead to speciation and identify whether they are a prezygotic or postzygotic barrier. Give examples of each: prezygotic-habitat (snakes), temporal (skunks), behavioral (blue footed boobies), mechanical (snails), gametic (sea urchins, postzygotic-reduced hybrid variability (salamander), reduced hybrid fertility (male donkey + female horse =infertile mule), hybrid breakdown (rice) Land plants: unikonts, amoebozoans, slime molds, gymnamoebas, entamoebas-amoebas with lobe shaped pseudopodia. Identify the major groups of land plants based on their derived characteristics: green algae, nonvascular plants (bryophytes)-liverworts, mosses and hornworts, vascular plants, seedless vascular plants- (have xylem and phloem), neither flower nor produce seeds.

Related Questions

What is NOT a requirement for evolution by natural selection to occur?

a) Traits must be inherited

b) Traits must influence reproductive success

c) Inherited traits must have variation within the population

d) Characteristics that are favored (fitness) relate to the immediate environment

e) Variations will appear that will allow the survival of the species in future, unforeseen, circumstances.

Charles Darwin...

a) ... arrived at the idea of natural selection in the GalÃ¡pagos Islands.

b) ... was the first scientist to suggest evolution.

c) ... claimed that only aggressive and strong individuals would survive and reproduce.

d) ... with Alfred Wallace, published a mechanism for adaptive change, natural selection, and proposed a "tree of life".

e) ... argued that chimpanzees and gorillas were progressively evolving into human beings.

1. A) Explain how changes in the environment drive evolutionary change. B) Provide and explain an example

2. A) Explain how the Hardy-Weinberg equation allows us to find evidence of evolution. B) Could processes other than Natural Selection result in deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? List and explain each one: C) define what the process is and D) the effect it has on the allele frequency.

3. A gene that is responsible for multiple traits (pleiotropy), for example the same allele causes sickle-cell anemia and provides resistance to malaria. Would a gene that controls these two traits respond equally to natural selection favoring malaria resistance as a non-pleitropic gene that only controls malaria resistance? Explain your answer.

4. A) Explain how lack of genetic variation limits evolution and provide an example. B) Explain how epistasis limits evolution and provide an example

Questions 5-6 are based on the following:

Letâs say you are studying a population of Japanese four oâclock plants. In these plants, the allele for red color flower shows incomplete dominance over the allele for white flowers. This is very convenient for this experiment because you can distinguish the heterozygous (pink flowers) from the homozygous dominant (red flowers). For your experiment, you produced a large number of plants, 25% had red flowers, 25% had white flowers and 50% had pink flowers. You transplanted them into different habitats and left some in the lab (using the same proportions in all the habitats). You waited a few years, while plants reproduce for a few generations and then you go back and resample the populations youâve transplanted.

5. In the lab you ensured that all individuals receive all requirements to grow and reproduce and mate randomly. A) What do you expect the distribution of the phenotypes after a few generations breeding in the lab? B) Is the lab population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Yes/No, explain

6. In habitat A, you find that you only have red flowering plants and white flowering plants but there are no pink flowering plants. A) Is the population in habitat A in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Yes/No, explain. B) Which one(s) of the five agents of evolutionary change could be responsible for these results? Explain. C) What type(s) of selection (stabilizing, disruptive, directional, oscillating, etc...) could be responsible for the results in habitat A? Explain

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BIOL 1202 : BIOL 1202 Final Stidy Guide Comprehensive Portion

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