PSIO 532 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Sympathetic Nervous System, Catecholamine, Reuptake
Graduate Physiology PSL
Synaptic Nervous Transmission
➔ Explain the relatively diffuse action of the sympathetic division compared with the
parasympathetic division
***PNS operates faster than SNS***
PNS: these actions are short lived because acetylcholine gets broken
down quickly → this is due to the high concentrations of
acetylcholinesterase in the blood
SNS: these actions are prolonged and widespread; epinephrine is not
broken down right away, hence it will have its effects on several different
organs → long lasting; the nerves of SNS have a reuptake mechanism;
they have 2 enzymes that metabolize the epinephrine/norepinephrine,
ut they don’t ork as fast; NE and Epi can diffuse into the
bloodstream and become circulating catecholamines
▪ Presynaptic terminals are the inputs of the upstream
neuron
▪ The post synaptic cell receives the information from the
presynaptic terminal
▪ The synapses occurs in a chain; can occur in PNS and SNS;
these synapses need to occur in a chain like fashion in order
for the transmission to occur
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Document Summary
Explain the relatively diffuse action of the sympathetic division compared with the parasympathetic division. Pns: these actions are short lived because acetylcholine gets broken down quickly this is due to the high concentrations of acetylcholinesterase in the blood. Sympathetic nerves release norepinephrine (primary neurotransmitter); the binding of. Ne to the 1-adrenegic receptor activates a g-protein that ultimately increases calcium; Neural control of arterial pressure is not a simple on and off process, but rather it is dimmer switch; some processes might get upregulated, while at the same time some of the other processes might be getting downregulated. Sns & pns are not equal partners in regulating blood pressure. Increases the hr and contractility of the heart. Increases in renin (renin ang ii) in the volume of blood in the kidney; this increases renal vasoconstriction and increases na+ reabsorption. This is the dual innervation of the heart.
