PSIO 532 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Respiratory Sounds, Bronchiole, Turbulence

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26 May 2018

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PSL – Respiratory Physiology

Types of Flow

• Airflow in the airway can come in 3 forms: laminar flow, transitional flow or turbulent

flow

• Laminar flow is found in the LOWER portions of the tracheal bronchiole tree (this is

important because it promotes gas exchange between the lung and blood that is passing

by the aveoli)

• Transitional Flow: this is seen at points where there is branching (Eddie formations –

the swiggles)

• Airflow changes from laminar to turbulent flow when airflow velocity is increased

• Even during normal tidal breathing airflow is turbulent in the upper airways

• Turbulent flow is characterized by particles that move in irregular and constantly

varying paths

forming eddies (found in the upper regions of the tracheal bronchiole tree)

• Flow changes from laminar to turbulent whe Reyold’s uber > 2000:

→ Reynolds number = 2rvd/

where r = radius; v = linear velocity; d = density;  = viscosity (for breath by breath

alteratios, desity ad viscosity of the gas is’t chagig, the ajor change is with the

radius of the airway itself)

• Turbulent airflow generates breath sounds (laminar flow is essentially noiseless)

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