NRS 312 Study Guide - Final Guide: Histamine, Depressant, Muscle Tone
Sleep and Rest
• Circadian Rhythm (CR)
• Light and dark are biggest triggers for CR
• This can disrupt our sleep patterns
• I.E. night shift, light screens before going to bed.
▪ Inhibits the pineal gland from releasing melatonin (affected by light &
dark)
• Zeitgeber: external environmental cue that helps to synchronize biological rhythms with
earth cycle
• Social cues
• Histamine
• Awake fullness Neurotransmitter
• Benadryl does the adverse affects
• Dopamine and serotonin also promote neurotransmitters
• Promenthazine: Lowers Dopamine
• Anti-emetic: blocks dopamine
• Used to control nausea and vomiting
• Stages of sleep cycle
• NREM
▪ State includes lightest level of sleep
▪ Promotes physical restoration (stages 2-4)
▪ Type of sleep at the beginning stages
▪ Stage one is easily awaken
▪ Stage 2 is sound asleep and physical restoration occurs
• Decrease in protein breakdown
• Healing of damaged tissue
▪ 70-90 minutes NREM
▪ Full sleep cycle is 90-110 minutes
▪ Not enough NREM
• Fatigue, illness, delayed healing, immune suppression
• REM
▪ Vivid dreams
▪ Loss of muscle tone
▪ Fluctuation of blood pressure
▪ Promotes mental and psychological restoration
▪ 20-25% of sleep is REM
▪ Lack of REM
• Hallucinations irritability delusions and confusion
• Adults are recommended to get at least 7 hours of sleep a night (5 sleep cycles)
• We want to cluster care @ NOC shift (night shift)
• Sleep and aging
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Document Summary
Sleep and rest: circadian rhythm (cr, light and dark are biggest triggers for cr, this can disrupt our sleep patterns. I. e. night shift, light screens before going to bed. In older age, we spend a lot less time in rem sleep due to frequent urination (noturia: decreased adh production causes this, chronic lack of sleep can contribute to alzheimers disease. Higher rate of amyloid plaque formation: icu psychosis, syndrome as restlessness, loss of reality perception, hallucinations and delusions. Correlates to lack of rem sleep: factors that affect sleep, age, lifestyle, nutrition, gerd can cause wakefulness. Sleeping elevated can alleviate the burning sensation: exercise, environment, etoh- alcohol, depressant that quickens someone to fall asleep but. It inhibits adh which makes you need to urinate: causes wakefulness by decreasing melatonin production, causes relaxation of muscles throughout the body, including the through. Irritability: decreased rem, weight gain, poor memory, sleep patterns, sleep studies, eeg: electro encephalogram.
