BIO 311C Study Guide - Midterm Guide: G Protein–Coupled Receptor, Facilitated Diffusion, Active Transport
Document Summary
Changes from facilitated diffusion to active transport when going against its concentration gradient. Second messengers and cascades: allow for amplification. G protein coupled receptor: lays inactive with gdp, when activated, gdp turns to gtp, then attaches to the activated enzyme and causes a cellular response, the gtp then turns back to gdp to be inactive. Receptor tyrosine kinase: kinase: adds a phosphate, takes binding of two ligands to work, once both are bound, they phosphorylate each other. Enzyme regulation: normal: substrate binds to active site of the enzyme. Competitive inhibitor: a different molecule attaches to the active site inhibiting the substrate. Noncompetitive inhibitor: molecule binds to a different site on the enzyme which changes the shape of the active site inhibiting the substrate from fitting into the active site. Allosteric regulation: active site of an enzyme is regulated by a molecule binding in a different part of that enzyme. Reducing agent: if you donate the electron.
