HDF 315L Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Secondary Source, Causal Inference, Weakling
23 May 2018
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Thursday 01/25
Tuesday due:
-
- Find 1 empirical journal article
- Cite APA article
- Type out APA reference
- Print 1st page and bring to class
Ethics in Research with Human participants
• Tatianana Tarasoff
o Did not feel the same
• Prosenjit Poddar
o Thought kiss means a serious relationship
o Isolate himself from other people
o Stalked her
o Released shortly after
• Dr. Lawrence Moore
o Broke confidentiality and report to police
• Dr. Harvey Powelson
• Tarasoff v. The Board of Regents of the University of California
At Risk Procedures
• Participants have right to confidentiality
• When do you break confidentiality?
• Information that participants disclose during interviews is kept completely confidential
• Certificate of confidentiality
• Situation occur where we need to intervene
o Harm to self others
o Child/elder abuse
• Obligated to follow strict protocol around situations involving potential risk
Chapter 2: Primary vs Secondary Sources
• Primary source
o Original
o Desriig author’s diret eperiee
o First hand report
• Secondary source
o Not original
o Report of soeoe else’s researh
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
o Second hand report
Objective 8: Variables and Hypotheses
Representing Hypotheses
• Hypotheses describe relations between variables
• Causal statements:
o A -> B
• Often probabilistic – outcome more likely to happen because of a particular cause
Independent and Dependent Variables
• Independent – the cause
o Ex: drunk driving
o
• Dependent – the effect (outcome)
o Ex: rate of accident
• Hypothesis: exposure to marital conflict causes behavior problems in children
o Independent – exposure to marital conflict
o Dependent – behavior problems
• Farmers near Brownfield, Texas found that crops receiving a new fertilizer yielded more
harvest than those crops receiving the old fertilizer.
o Independent – fertilizer types
o Dependent – harvest
• tie of ear – pro for a differet variale suh as level of stress
Direction of effect is ambiguous
• Ex: a survey found that high schools with metal detectors in place had higher levels of
gang related activity than high schools without metal detectors
o Dependent variable – a’t tell, the diretio of effet is aiguous
Object 9 & 10: Hypotheses
Criteria for a good hypothesis
• Hypothesis – a precise expression of predicted relation between or among variables that
is capable of being tested
1. A precise expression
▪ The specified relation is not vague
▪ Variables are clearly defined
▪ Ex: divorce creates a hole in the heart that is filled by addictions
2. A predicted relation between variables
▪ The direction of effect is specified
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Print 1st page and bring to class. Ethics in research with human participants: tatianana tarasoff, did not feel the same, prosenjit poddar. At risk procedures: participants have right to confidentiality, when do you break confidentiality, certificate of confidentiality, situation occur where we need to intervene. Information that participants disclose during interviews is kept completely confidential: harm to self others, child/elder abuse, obligated to follow strict protocol around situations involving potential risk. Chapter 2: primary vs secondary sources: primary source, original, des(cid:272)ri(cid:271)i(cid:374)g author"s dire(cid:272)t e(cid:454)perie(cid:374)(cid:272)e, first hand report, secondary source, not original, report of so(cid:373)eo(cid:374)e else"s resear(cid:272)h, second hand report. Representing hypotheses: hypotheses describe relations between variables, causal statements, a -> b, often probabilistic outcome more likely to happen because of a particular cause. Independent the cause: ex: drunk driving, dependent the effect (outcome, ex: rate of accident, hypothesis: exposure to marital conflict causes behavior problems in children.
