PSYCH 202 Midterm: EXAM 1 REVIEW SHEET
Document Summary
Skinner: how outcomes affect behavior (reward and punishment); operant conditioning. Freud: the mind as an iceberg (id: instincts; ego: learned rules of society; superego: reasoning) Functionalism: study of function of the mind; experience changes thoughts (adaption) Structuralism: classification of mental structures; thinking about how we think. Behaviorism: study of behavior and its environmental determinants; dominant for 50 years. Psychoanalytic theory: study of unconscious aspects of the mind; impulse conflicts with societal rules; stages of development affect aspects of personality later in life. Cognitive approaches: study of mental processes involved in knowing; how behavior is affected by the way we take in, mentally represent, process, and store information. Biological approaches: study of brain and nervous system and how they relate to behavior; how chemicals change behavior (genetics) Cross-cultural approaches: can only understand in the context of culture, ethnicity, and gender. Evolutionary explanations: behavior and mental processes are adaptive for survival.
