BIOSC-116 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Mops, Community-Acquired Pneumonia, Optochin
9 Dec 2020
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Document Summary
Types of respiratory infections caused by bacteria. Explain the microbiological characteristics of the common bacterial respiratory pathogens. Pdg and teichoic acid fragments can activate complement intense inflammation and tissue destruction. 2-24 months, people 65+, everyone else with predispositions to pneumococcal pneumonia (asthmatics, cancers, asplenic, many chronic conditions, liver/kidney failure, hiv) Pneumolysin degrades hb to a greenish pigment. Only infects humans - spread by respiratory droplets. Most common cause of community acquired pneumonia. Diminished respiratory excursion (splinting) - hurts to take deep breath so pts lean to the side with the infection to prevent that lung from expanding as much lobar infiltrates. Sputum sample: diplococci in chains, gram +, lots of neutrophils. Latex agglutination antigen test on csf sample - can detect dead bacteria too. Now with significant resistance to penicillin (20%) Other options: cephalosporins, doxy, sulfa, clindamycin, newer quinolones like moxifloxacin.
