BSC 1010 Chapter Notes - Chapter 20: Dna Repair, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor, Growth Factor

• School: FIU
• Department: Biological Science
• Course: BSC 1010
• Professor: Thomas Pitzer

Document Summary

The spindle assembly checkpoint: prevents anaphase from beginning before the chromosomes are all attached to the spindle, chromosomes not attached to the spindle produce a wait" signal that inhibits the anaphase promoting complex (apc) Multicellular organisms utilize extracellular signaling proteins, growth factors, control the rate of cell proliferation: mitogens stimulate cell division. Activated growth factor receptors may trigger other pathways: pi 3-kinase-akt pathway, suppresses apoptosis, promotes cell growth. Inhibits cell cycle arrest: pi 3-kinase-akt pathway dysregulation is associated with cancer. Pi 3-kinase-akt pathway dysregulation is associated with cancer: overactivation of akt or pi 3-k, deletion of pten (phosphatase: pip3 pip2) Some growth factors inhibit cell proliferation: example: transforming growth factor (tgf ) Induces the transcription of cdk inhibitors (p15, p21) Progression through the cell cycle is inhibited by the action of cdk inhibitors. E. g. p21 and p27: elimination of p27 causes excess cell proliferation and organ growth in p27 knockout mice, tumor prone.