BIOL 1001 Chapter : OUTLINE Chap22

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azuremammoth471

15 Mar 2019

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Most or all of life cycle in water. Since plants (like other organisms) originated in the water, the most primitive. Variation in dominant form of the life cycle. >the primitive plants plant types are the algae. The green algae and plant share some common traits however there are some major differences. The main distinguishing characteristics of the kingdom plantae are. In addition to these characteristics, the plant kingdom shows a range of traits that appeared as plants made the transition from their origins in water onto the land. Heteromorphic means the sporophyte and the gametophyte have a different. Isomorphic means the sporophyte and the gametophyte have a similar overall. Cuticle is a layer of waxy material on the epidermal layer of plants that helps. Stomata (stoma singular) are openings in the surface (usually underside) of a. Lignin is a material that is added to the cell walls of woody plants.

Related Questions

Question 1

The key innovation that allowed for plant survival on land, seenin the first land plants and all others after, but not in thecharophytes, is

Question 1 options:

	fruit.
	vascular tissue.
	the seed.
	protection of the embryo.

Question 2

Which dramatic change in the alternation-of-generations lifecycle led to the protection of all phases of the life cycle and theformation of seeds?

Question 2 options:

	transition from a dominant gametophyte generation to a dominantsporophyte generation
	transition from a dominant sporophyte generation to a dominantgametophyte generation

Question 3

Which structure(s) allow the sporophyte of vascular plants to beprotected against drying out?

Question 3 options:

	the waxy covering of leaves, called the cuticle
	small openings in the leaves, called stomata
	guard cells that surround each stoma
	all of these structures protect the dominant sporophyte fromdrying out

Question 4

Why are the bryophytes called nonvascular plants?

Question 4 options:

	because they are specialized for transporting water and organicnutrients
	because their roots, stems, and leaves lack vascular tissue
	because they protect their embryo
	because they produce wind-blown spores

Question 5

Which generation is dominant in the bryophytes?

Question 5 options:

	the generations are equally dominant
	the sporophyte
	the gametophyte
	there is no sporophyte generation in bryophytes

Question 6

Which of the bryophytes are typically low-lying, due mostly totheir need for moisture and lack of vascular tissue?

Question 6 options:

	the mosses
	the liverworts
	the hornworts
	all of the bryophytes are low-lying

Question 7

Which structure of the moss protects the embryo from dryingout?

Question 7 options:

	the archegonium
	the antheridium
	the sporangium
	the stalk

Question 8

Cooksonia were the first __________ plants; they hadwind-blown spores, __________, leaves, and roots.

Question 8 options:

	nonvascular; branches
	vascular; seeds
	nonvascular; seeds
	vascular; branches

Question 9

The roots of today's lycophytes are much like __________ were inearly vascular plants; the vascular tissue is __________.

Question 9 options:

	roots; centrally placed
	stems; centrally placed
	leaves; only found at the perimeter
	branches; only found at the perimeter

Question 10

Pteridophytes, or ferns and their allies, are __________vascular plants with __________.

Question 10 options:

	seed-producing; microphylls
	seedless; microphylls
	seedless; megaphylls
	seed-producing; megaphylls

Question 11

Microphylls __________. Megaphylls__________.

Question 11 options:

	are found in all vascular plants; are only found in thelycophytes
	are broad leaves with a single strand of vascular tissue; arenarrow and have several strands vascular tissue
	are broad leaves with several strands of vascular tissue; arenarrow and have a single strand of vascular tissue
	are narrow and have a single strand of vascular tissue; arebroad leaves with several strands of vascular tissue

Question 12

The fern life cycle

Question 12 options:

	all of these choices accurately describe the fern lifecycle.
	is dependent on external water.
	relies on the wind to disperse the spores.
	produces a gametophyte that lacks vascular tissue.

Question 13

Seed plants use meiosis to produce

Question 13 options:

	spores and pollen.
	seeds and fruit.
	pollen and seeds.
	microspores and megaspores.

Question 14

In seed plants, a microspore develops into

Question 14 options:

	an egg.
	a pollen grain.
	a sporophyte.
	All of these answers correctly complete this sentence.

Question 15

Within the angiosperms, or ___________, two groups exist. Theyare named for their __________.

Question 15 options:

	vascular plants; number of cotyledons, or seed coats
	nonvascular plants; leaf type
	flowering plants; number of cotyledons, or seed coats
	fungi; leaf type

Question 16

The __________ parts of a flower are the stamens, each of whichhas two parts: the anther and the filament. The __________ parts ofa flower are the carpel, which has three major regions: the stigma,the style, and the __________.

Question 16 options:

	female; male; ovary
	male; female; sepals
	female; male; sepals
	male; female; ovary

Question 17

Double fertilization during the angiosperm life cycle involvestwo sperm, one of which __________, while the other __________.

Question 17 options:

	fertilizes the egg to form a zygote; produces the endospermnucleus, which will develop into food for the developing plant
	is a mature male gametophyte; is an immature malegametophyte
	lands on the carpel of the plant; is usually blown away in thewind
	develops into the seed; develops into the fruit that surroundsthe seeds

Question 18

The bodies of most fungi are made up of a network of filamentscalled hyphae.

Question 18 options:

	True
	False

Question 19

What is the difference between land fungi and the chytrids?

Question 19 options:

	Land fungi are motile and have flagella at all stages of theirlife cycle. The chytrids do not have flagella.
	Land fungi are nonmotile and do not have flagella at any stageof their life cycle. The chytrids have flagellated spores andgametes.
	Land fungi are nonmotile and only have flagellated spores. Thechytrids have flagellated spores and gametes.
	Both are motile for part of their life cycle. Land fungi aremotile as gametes. Chytrids are motile as spores.

Question 20

The vast majority of described species of fungi are __________fungi, which include unicellular __________, which reproducesexually once their food supply runs out. When yeast ferment, theyproduce ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Question 20 options:

	zygospore; black bread molds
	club; mushroom
	sac; yeast
	mutualistic; lichen

yellowmuskrat453

Which of the following is not a trend in plant evolution?

a. Increasing independence from water for reproduction

b. Development of vascular tissue

c. Decreasing size of archegonia and antheridia

d. Increase in dominance of the diploid generation

e. Evolution from heterospory to homospory

A plant that has fibrous roots would also have

a. Stem vascular bundles in a ring

b. Parallel venation

c. Palmate venation

d. Stem vascular bundles in a stele

e. Pinnate venation

Which of these are structures in the gametophyte generation?

a. Leaves, stems, roots, flowers, cones

b. antheridium, embryo, seed, spores, flowers

c. egg, sperm, zygote, embryo, seedling

d. archegonium, antheridium, egg, sperm, seed

e. spores, egg, pollen, archegonium, sperm

What two innovations are the most important in allowing thegymnosperms and angiosperms to become mores successful than earlierland plants?

a. Flowers and pollen

b. seeds and fruits

c. pollen and dormant embryos

d. dominant sporophyte and seeds

e. seeds and dormant embryos

Platyhelminthes can survive without specialized gas exchangestructures because

a. they live in moist or aquatic habitats

b. the live in especially oxygen rich habitats

c. their bodies are not segmented

d. their bodies have a high surface area to volume ratio

e. they do not have a coelom

The notochord is most closely associated with the

a. nervous system

b. spinal chord

c. muscular system

d. skeletal system

e. integumentary system

Which of the following would cause stomata to close?

a. increase in sugar concentration in the guard cells

b. a decrease humidity

c. movement of water into guard cells

d. a decrease in air temperature

e. an increas in sunlight

olivespider346

1. Which of the following definitions of âlifeâ is correct? a) Life is composed of inorganic matter that can reproduce and undergo natural selection b) Life is composed of organized matter that can sexually reproduce and remain constant over time c) Life is composed of organized matter that is capable of undergoing reproduction and natural selection d) Life is composed of autotrophic matter that can self-replicate and remain constant over time

2. Prokaryotes can adapt to rapid changes in environment because: a) they have such short generation times b) they can form endospores c) nothing can limit their population growth d) they are motile e) all of the above

3. Which of the following sets of life forms all possess mitochondria a) Archaea and Bacteria b) Fungi and Archaea c) Animals (Metazoa) and Plants d) Fungi, Animals (Metazoa) and Bacteria e) Animals (Metazoa) and Archaea

4. Which of the following are NOT metazoans (animals) a) arthropods b) invertebrates c) vertebrates d) prokaryotes e) insects

5. Which life cycle phase is dominant in angiosperms? a) gametophyte b) archegonia c) microsporangia d) megasporangia e) sporophyte

6. Which of the following is NOT a trend in the evolutionary specialisation of land plants a) Increasing dominance of sporophyte generation b) Decreasing dependence on water for reproduction c) Development of structural specialisation that allow increased plant size d) Development of non-photosynthetic fungi as an evolutionary offshoot of plants e) Development of various forms of flowers and complex interactions with insects

7. All animals and plants share a number of traits. One of these is a) autotrophy b) a cell wall c) mitochondria d) chloroplasts e) all of the above

8. The multicellular body plans of different animals, plants and fungi a) are the products of convergent evolution b) consist of multiple genotypes c) are always produced asexually d) can be used to classify these multicellular organisms e) are invariable between individuals

9. The carrying capacity of populations will often be determined by: a) access to mates b) parasitism c) competition for resources d) the breeding rate e) predation

10. Keystone species are: a) predators that sit at the top of the food-chain b) the most abundant species in the community and therefore have the strongest effect on community dynamics c) species that have a strong effect on community dynamics relative to their abundance d) typically at the bottom of the food-chain e) more abundant in late succession communities

BIOL 1001 Chapter : OUTLINE Chap22

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