BIOL 3090 Chapter : Cellular Biology
Document Summary
Biological system: the activity of the organism as a whole is the sum of activities and interactions of essentially independent cell units. The cell: closest thing to autonomous biological unit that exist is the fundamental unit of life . 1-3: eukaryotes and archea diverges from bacteria billions of years before they diverges from each other. 1-2a: archea, single celled microbes, separated from bacteria through extensive dna analysis, cell membranes have chemical properties that differ dramatically from bacteria and eukaryotes, many grow in harsh envirnments, halophiles (high salt, high osmolality, thermoacidophiles. 80o c (176o f) and ph <2: methanophiles. Eukaryotes: outer plasma membrane and extensive internal membranes that enclose other compartments known as organelles. (fig. E. r. , and in the most cases, a carbohydrate is covalently bonded to it, called glycoprotein: secretory proteins, leave rough e. r. enclosed in vesicles, travel to golgi.
