PSY30400 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Handsfree
Chapter 4: Attention
• Object Advantage:
o the faster responding that occurs when enhancement spreads within an object
Section 4.4:
• Schneider and Shiffrin:
o conducted an experiment that involved divided attention because they required
subjects to carry out two tasks simultaneously
o holding information about a target stimulus in memory and paying attention to a
series of distractors and determining whether the target is present amongst the
distractors
o Participants shown a memory set that consists of one of four characters called
target stimuli
o Meory set followed y rapid presetatio of 20 test fraes eah of whih
contained distractors
▪ new memory set for each trial so target changed for each trial
o Results showed 55% accuracy in beginning and took over 900 trials to get to 90%
accuracy
▪ after 600 trials, task became automatic
o What this means = practice made possible for subjects to divide their attention
to deal with all of the target and test items simultaneously
o Many trials of practice also resulted in automatic processing
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