NUR 1211C Chapter Notes - Chapter Test 1: Ileus, Vascular Resistance, Urinary Retention
8 Feb 2020
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Pain is a complex, multidimensional experience that can cause suffering and decreased quality of life. Magnitude of pain problem: negative consequences of unrelieved acute pain (table 8-1) Impaired ability to think, reason, and make decision. Noxious stimuli cause cell damage with the release of sensitizing chemicals: prostaglandins, bradykinin, serotonin, substance p, histamine. These substances activate nociceptors and lead to generation of action potential: transmission. Action potential continues from site of injury to spinal cord, spinal cord to brainstem to thalamus, and thalamus to cortex for processing: perception. Neurons originating in the brainstem descend to the spinal cord and release substances that inhibit nociceptive impulses: transduction, transduction involves conversion of a noxious mechanical, thermal, or chemical stimulus into an electrical signal called an action potential. Noxious (tissue-damaging) stimuli, including thermal, mechanical, or thermal stimuli cause the release of numerous chemicals such as substance p and. Other chemicals are released from mast cells and macrophages.
