MIS 180 Chapter Notes - Chapter Appendix B: Local Area Network, Wide Area Network, Metropolitan Area Network
19 Jun 2018
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Appendix Notes
Appendix B
Networks and Telecommunications
Introduction
Telecommunication systems - enable the transmission of data over public or private networks
Network - communications system created by linking two or more devices and establishing a
standard methodology by which they can communicate
Network Basics
Local area network (LAN) - designed to connect a group of computers in close proximity to each other such as
in an office building, a school, or a home
Wide area network (WAN) - spans a large geographic area, such as a state, province or country
Metropolitan area network (MAN) - large computer network usually spanning a city
Network typically includes four things:
Protocol - set of communication rules to make sure that everyone speaks the same language
Network interface card (NIC) - card that plugs into the back of your computers and lets them send
and receive messages from other computers
Cable - medium to connect all of the computers together
Hub - hardware to perform traffic control
Networks are differentiated by the following:
Architecture - peer-to-peer, client/server
Topology - bus, star, ring, hybrid, wireless
Protocls - ethernet, transmission control protocol, internet protocol (TCP/IP)
Media - coaxial, twisted-pair, fiber-optic
Architecture
Peer-to-peer networks (P2P) - computer network that relies n the computing power and bandwidth of
the participants in the network rather than a centralized server
Client - computer designed to request information from a server
Server - computer dedicated to providing information in response to requests
Client/server network - model for applications in which the bulk of the back-end processing takes place on a
server, while the front-end processing is handled by the clients
Network operating system (NOS) - operating system that runs a network, steering information between
computers and managing security and users
Packet-switching - occurs when the sending computer divides a message into a number of efficiently sized units
of data, each of which contains the address of the destination computer
Router - intelligent connecting device that examines each packet of data it receives and then decides which way
to send it onward toward its destination
Document Summary
Telecommunication systems - enable the transmission of data over public or private networks. Network - communications system created by linking two or more devices and establishing a standard methodology by which they can communicate. Local area network (lan) - designed to connect a group of computers in close proximity to each other such as in an office building, a school, or a home. Wide area network (wan) - spans a large geographic area, such as a state, province or country. Metropolitan area network (man) - large computer network usually spanning a city. Protocol - set of communication rules to make sure that everyone speaks the same language. Network interface card (nic) - card that plugs into the back of your computers and lets them send and receive messages from other computers. Cable - medium to connect all of the computers together. Protocls - ethernet, transmission control protocol, internet protocol (tcp/ip)
