BILD 3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Protist, Archaea, Plant
30 May 2016
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1. cladistics: approach to systematics in which common ancestry is the primary criterion used to classify organisms a. i. Place species into groups called clades where each includes an ancestral species and all of its descendants: taxon is only equivalent to a clade if its monophyletic a. i. i. i. Consists of an ancestral species and all of its descendants a. i. 1. a. An ancestral species and some, but not all, of its descendants. 1. shared ancestral and shared derived characters: shared ancestral character a. i. Character originated in an ancestor of the taxon: shared derived character a. i. 2. inferring phylogenies using derived characters: outgroup a. i. Species or group of species from an evolutionary lineage known to have diverged before the lineage that includes the species we are studying b. Group we are studying: can use the outgroup to determine what was present in the other ancestors and what wasn"t.
