EDFD177 Lecture 3: Cognitive Development: Information Processing
EDFD177 Lecture Notes Friday 16th March 2018
Cognitive Development – Information Processing
- Lateralisation – where your brain sees two different things and brings them together
Types and Principles of Development
- Physical
- Personal
- Social
- Cognitive
- Rates differ
o Physical development may be efficient, however cognitive may be slower
- Orderly
- Gradual
Piagets Theor of Cogitie Deelopet
- Maturation
o Brain growing and maturing
o Needs nourishment to occur
- Activity/Growth
o Brain needs experience to develop and for you to grow
o Curiosity
- Social transmission
o That we learn through others
- Equilibration
o Balance
- Mnemonics – a technique developed for teachers
o Acronyms or rhymes to help remember
o E.g. Big Elephats Cat Add Up “us Easil
o Every Good Boy Deserves Fruit
o Dessert vs desert. Double ss because you always go back for more
Basic Tendencies in Thinking
- Organisation
o Into schemes – basic building blocks of thinking
- Adaptation
o What we do when we come across new things/experiences
o Assimilation
▪ When we find something in our head that is similar
o Accommodation
▪ Whe e eperiee soethig e, e reate a e filig aiet
- Equilibration
o Changes in thinking that take place during that process
o Inability to comprehend something at first sight creates disequilibrium
- Does disequilibrium create motivation?
o It can engage young people
o Posing a problem
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Cognitive changes over time
- Sensorimotor period – (birth to 2 years)
- Preoperational period – (2 years to 6 or 7 years)
- Concrete operations period – (7 to 11 or 12 years)
- Formal operations period – (from around 12 years)
Sensorimotor 0-2 years
- Characteristics
o Recognises existence of world separate from them
o Interacts with others and world
o Learning through 5 senses
o Object permanence
o Begin to use memory and begin to sort things
Rules of Toddlers
- If I like it, its mine
- If its in my hand, its mine
- If I can take it from you, its mine
- If I had it a little while ago, its mine
- If its ie, it ust eer appear to be yours in any way
- If I am doing or building something, all the pieces are mine
- If it looks like mine, its mine
- If I saw it first, its mine
- If you are playing with something, and you put it down, it automatically becomes
mine
- If its roke, its yours
Preoperational 2-7 years
- Characteristics
o Increases ability to categories
o Semiotic function
o One way logic
▪ Clear cut
o Difficulty with conversation
▪ Liquid in taller glass vs smaller glass etc.
o Starts to use symbols
o Egocentric
o Assume others experience the world the same as they do
o Language development
o Concrete props and visual aid for teaching
o Use actions as well as words
Concrete Operational 7-11 years
- Hands on thinking
- Conservation, identity, compensation
- Reversibility
- Classify – improving memory
- Can see patterns and sequences
- Still use concrete materials in teaching
- The increased use of concrete materials reinforces thinking
- Need to give chances for experiments
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Lateralisation where your brain sees two different things and brings them together. Rates differ: physical development may be efficient, however cognitive may be slower. Maturation: brain growing and maturing, needs nourishment to occur. Activity/growth: brain needs experience to develop and for you to grow, curiosity. Social transmission: that we learn through others. Mnemonics a technique developed for teachers: acronyms or rhymes to help remember, e. g. Big elepha(cid:374)ts ca(cid:374)(cid:859)t add up u(cid:373)s easil(cid:455: every good boy deserves fruit, dessert vs desert. Double ss because you always go back for more. Into schemes basic building blocks of thinking. Adaptation: what we do when we come across new things/experiences, assimilation, when we find something in our head that is similar, accommodation, whe(cid:374) (cid:449)e e(cid:454)perie(cid:374)(cid:272)e so(cid:373)ethi(cid:374)g (cid:374)e(cid:449), (cid:449)e (cid:272)reate a (cid:374)e(cid:449) (cid:858)fili(cid:374)g (cid:272)a(cid:271)i(cid:374)et(cid:859) Equilibration: changes in thinking that take place during that process. Inability to comprehend something at first sight creates disequilibrium. It can engage young people: posing a problem.
