PSYC200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Operant Conditioning, Lev Vygotsky, Falsifiability
Document Summary
Explanation typical vs. individually different development. Optimisation positive development & enhanced capacity preventing & overcoming difficulties. Explains how biology and environment interact in development. The scientific method a process of generating & testing ideas. Preliminary observations provide ideas for a theory. Protecting the rights of participations (eg children/elderly) Case study (in-depth examination of an individual or smaller number of individuals) Advantage = rich info about complex or rare aspects of development. Experiment (a variable is manipulated in order to see what effect this has on the measured variable) Correlational (determining whether 2 or more variables are related in a systematic fashion) Strength of the relationship is expressed by the calculation of a correlation coefficient. Advantage: can be used when it is unethical to manipulate variables (allows an examination of multiple factors) Limitation: cannot establish a casual relationship (extraneous variables) Cross-sectional (compare the performance of people of different cohorts at a single time)
