DOH133 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Bacteremia, Chronic Wasting Disease, Echinococcosis
List the four properties that define a virus. What is a virion?
A Virus
1. Contains DNA or RNA
2. Has protein coat surrounding the nucleic acid
3. Multiplies inside a living cell using the synthetic machinery of the cell; and
4. Causes the synthesis of virions
5. A viron is a fully developed virus particle that transfers the viral nucleic acid to
another cell and initiates multiplication
Discuss how a protein could be infectious and name one disease caused by an
infectious protein
-A Prion is an infectious protein. It is thought that the conversion of a particular
protein (PrP – Prion
-Related Protein) from a normal (PrPc) to an abnormal (PrPsc – Scrapie Cell)
shape. Leading to a cascade of PrPsc formation.
Transmissible Forms
-CWD – Chronic wasting disease
Inherited Forms
-CJD – Creutzfeld Jacob Disease
Name two protozoans that cause disease in humans
1. Gardia Lamblia (Cyst Stage)
2. Trichomonous Vaginalis (No Cyst Stage)
Name 4 distinguishing characteristics of Helminths such as tape worm
1. Reduced digestive system
2. Reduced nervous system
3. Reduced Locomotion
4. Complex reproduction
List the definitive and intermediate hosts of the hydatid tapeworm
Definitive host – the fox – host – where the adult stage of the parasite emerges and is
able to produce eggs that are passed on to an intermediate host
Intermediate host – the deer – the host that a parasite cannot produce eggs in
Principles of Disease and Epidemiology
Microbial antagonism helps to exclude pathogen growth by which three methods?
1. Bacteria occupying host receptors
2. Acid production by bacteria
3. Production of bacteriocins (narrow spectrum antibiotics)
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