EHR519 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Mediterranean Diet, Cardiovascular Disease, Exercise Prescription
1. Week 6: Nutrition for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary
Disease
Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADG)
The NH and MRC is the author of our Australian Guide for Healthy Eating which includes the Australian
Dietary Guidelines
The Australian Dietary Guidelines are an evidenced based approach based on the latest scientific evidence
of 55,000 peer reviewed journal articles
The ADG have information about the types and amounts of foods, food groups and dietary patterns that
aim to:
Promote health and wellbeing
Reduce the risk of diet-related conditions, such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure and
obesity; and
Reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and some
types of cancers
The ADG are for use by health professionals, policy makers, educators, food manufacturers, food retailers
and researchers, so they can find ways to help Australians eat healthy diets
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
The ADG apply to all healthy Australians, as well
as those with common health conditions such as
being overweight. They do not apply to people
who need special dietary advice for a medical
condition, or to the frail elderly
Australian Guide to Healthy Eating
Is a simple visual representation of the ADG which can be
used to help educate people about healthy eating
Another healthy Dietary Pattern:
Mediterranean Diet – What is it?
Diet of a type traditional in Mediterranean
countries, characterized especially by a high
consumption of vegetables and olive oil and moderate consumption of protein, and thought to confer
health benefits.
14 item questionnaire can score your Med Diet
Mediterranean Diet Score (Validated tool)
Mediterranean Diet Research benefits
Provides beneficial metabolic effects, including improvements in insulin sensitivity and reductions in
biomarkers of low-grade inflammation.
Higher Med Diet Score is associated with lower prevalence of diabetes, hypertension and obesity.
Med Diet Score related directly to:
HDL-cholesterol and
Inversely to BMI, WC, serum triglycerides, and fasting glucose
52% reduction in diabetes
30% reduction in CVD mortality and morbidity
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Med Diet and Mental Health
Patients with major depressive disorders followed a Mediterranean-style diet rich in wholegrains,
legumes, fresh fruit and vegetables, olive oil and nuts
After 12 weeks of healthy eating, researchers said one third of the participants reported a significant
improvement in their mood and symptoms.
Med Diet Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
18 studies from 1966-2010 with >4 million people A 2-point increase in adherence score to the
Mediterranean diet was reported to determine an:
8% reduction in all deaths
10% reduction in CVD deaths
4% reduction in cancer deaths
13% reduction in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's
Strong inverse linear associations between the 14-item tool and all adiposity indexes were found.
So the higher your med diet score the lower your level of adiposity (especially abdominal obesity)
High consumption of nuts and low consumption of sweetened/carbonated beverages presented the
strongest inverse associations with abdominal obesity.
Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Development of atherosclerosis
Dietary RISK FACTORS incl:
Abnormal blood lipids
Obesity
Atherogenic diet (Western diet rich in cholesterol and atherogenic factos)
Elevated blood glucose & homocysteine
Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance
Plus Inactive lifestyle
Dietary Factors to Prevent Atherosclerosis
Low-moderate Saturated fat & (SFA) Cholesterol intake
Decreased trans fat intake
Increased monounsaturated fats (MUFA)
Omega 3 fats (fish, some seeds)
Adequate anti-oxidant foods
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Week 6: nutrition for cardiovascular and pulmonary. The nh and mrc is the author of our australian guide for healthy eating which includes the australian. The australian dietary guidelines are an evidenced based approach based on the latest scientific evidence of 55,000 peer reviewed journal articles. The adg have information about the types and amounts of foods, food groups and dietary patterns that aim to: Reduce the risk of diet-related conditions, such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure and obesity; and. Reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and some types of cancers. The adg are for use by health professionals, policy makers, educators, food manufacturers, food retailers and researchers, so they can find ways to help australians eat healthy diets. The adg apply to all healthy australians, as well as those with common health conditions such as being overweight.
