HUMB1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Axon, Nucleolus, Myosatellite Cell
12 Jun 2018
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NERVOUS TISSUE
The nervous system is a network of specialized cells that monitor the internal and external
environment, processed information, and initiates commands through which the body
reacts.
❖ Basic functional unit of the nervous system
❖ Specialized to conduct electrical impulses
❖ Important functional properties:
o high metabolic rate
o incapable of cell division (most)
o function throughout life
❖ The cell body receives, integrates, and sends nerve
impulses
❖ It contains a large nucleus that often has a
prominent nucleolus
❖ Ribosomes are abundant and form
clusters known as chromatophilic substance
that stain darkly with basic histological dyes.
❖ Axons generally does not branch, but it
may have occasional side-branches called
collaterals.
❖ Most axons terminate as multiple, fine
branches called telodendria
❖ Dendrites direct information toward the cell body. They are short,
tapered processes that branch along their length. They often possess small, irregular
projections called dendritic spines, where axons can synapse.
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Document Summary
The nervous system is a network of specialized cells that monitor the internal and external environment, processed information, and initiates commands through which the body reacts. Basic functional unit of the nervous system. Important functional properties: high metabolic rate incapable of cell division (most) function throughout life. The cell body receives, integrates, and sends nerve impulses. It contains a large nucleus that often has a prominent nucleolus. Ribosomes are abundant and form clusters known as chromatophilic substance that stain darkly with basic histological dyes. Axons generally does not branch, but it may have occasional side-branches called collaterals. Most axons terminate as multiple, fine branches called telodendria. Dendrites direct information toward the cell body. They are short, tapered processes that branch along their length. They often possess small, irregular projections called dendritic spines, where axons can synapse. Glial cells also known as neuroglia are support cells and represent about 60% of cells in the nervous system.
