PSYC1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Sketchpad, Anterograde Amnesia, Retrograde Amnesia
23 Aug 2018
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Document Summary
3 stages of memory: encoding, storage, retrieval. Encoding: maintenance vs. elaborative rehearsal, massed vs. distributive practice (e. g. 12 hours of study, stages of processing. Atkinson & shiffrin model: sensory memory (<1s perception, working memory (awareness, long term memory (remember, sensory memory. Sensory registers hold long enough to be linked and further processed. Adaptive: short term memory (component of wm) Limited amount: magic number: 7 +/- 2 (i. e. 5-9) Capacity to work with information in stm: long term memory. General vs. precise details: encoding is an imperfect process. We encode different things from the same sensory information. Central executive: visuospatial sketchpad, phonological loop. Ebbinghaus"s forgetting curve: highly consistent pattern, long-lasting savings. Information gradually disappears from memory: interference. Retroactive interference (e. g. sleep: new information affects old. Proactive interference: old information affects new. Retrieval cues: reminders of information we could not otherwise recall. Trigger associations: guides to where to look for information, context effects.
