HBS107 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Reproductive Health, Child Poverty, Working Poor
HBS107 Week Six
SOCIAL EXCLUSION AND MARGINALISED POPULATIONS
The complex range of determinants influencing health means that exposure to certain
conditions and environments and access to resources is not equal within our society.
Consequently, members of particular social categories or population groups experience
greater levels of disadvantage and thus poorer health outcomes compared to others.
These three core concepts build on the idea that economic deprivation is associated with
poor health outcomes. These are the reasons why global organisations focus on reducing
poverty.
MARGINALISATION AND INTERSECTIONALITY:
Marginality can be described as an individual position and condition of an individual or
group of individuals at the social, economic and ecological systems. The position at the edge
of these systems prevents the access to resources, assets, services, restrains the freedom
and choice, and prevents the development of capacities all combining to impact someone's
health. Marginalisation occurs when particular groups are affected by multiple types of
disadvantage. This concept is broad, taking into account the complex economic, social,
geographic and ecological drives of disadvantage.
Intersectionality helps us to understand how people or groups experience aspects of
marginalisation. It focuses on the intersections between multiple socially constructed
identities, power, and privilege/oppression.
• Intersectionality involves multiple disadvantage.
• This theory helps us to understand marginalisation.
• Not all who experience vulnerability are marginalised.
• Concerned with social justice and reduction of inequalities.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
SOCIAL EXCLUSION AND INCLUSION:
Social exclusion and inclusion focus on the processes which produce and maintain
disadvantage and marginalisation.
Social exclusion is a conceptual framework that allows us to examine the processes that
lead to a group becoming or remaining marginalised or disadvantaged.
• It allows us to examine the processes which lead to groups or individuals becoming
and remaining marginalised.
• Societal and institutional processes that exclude some groups from social, economic,
cultural and political life within societies
• Related to both material aspects (e.g. unemployment or poverty) and social aspects
(e.g. lack of social cohesion)
• Multidimensionality (where various factors combine to increase or decrease health
inequality.
• Relational
Active social exclusion is withholding political, economic and social rights based on gender,
age, migration status. E.g. when an asylum seeker isn't given a usable political status so they
can't vote, they're not deemed to be citizens of the host country and therefore they
effectively have no voice.
Passive social exclusion is when policies result in an economic downturn affecting
employment. It includes situations where we inadvertently exclude people. E.g. when a
policy results in an academic downturn affecting employment which usually affects people
who are in more insecure roles and that can force them to the outside of the society.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
The complex range of determinants influencing health means that exposure to certain conditions and environments and access to resources is not equal within our society. Consequently, members of particular social categories or population groups experience greater levels of disadvantage and thus poorer health outcomes compared to others. These three core concepts build on the idea that economic deprivation is associated with poor health outcomes. These are the reasons why global organisations focus on reducing poverty. Marginality can be described as an individual position and condition of an individual or group of individuals at the social, economic and ecological systems. The position at the edge of these systems prevents the access to resources, assets, services, restrains the freedom and choice, and prevents the development of capacities all combining to impact someone"s health. Marginalisation occurs when particular groups are affected by multiple types of disadvantage. This concept is broad, taking into account the complex economic, social, geographic and ecological drives of disadvantage.
