TAEDEL402A Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Social Learning Theory, Reinforcement
8 May 2018
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Course
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WEEK 4/5: Learning and Transfer of Learning
Learning refers to relatively permanent change in human capabilities
Transfer refers to trainees applying what they have learnt to their jobs
Two Types of Transfer:
• Generalization refers to applying what was learned to situations that are similar but not identical to those in
training
• Maintenance refers to trainees continuing to use what they learned over time
Model of Learning and Transfer: Learning Outcomes:
• Verbal Information: specialized knowledge,
including names, labels, facts, and bodies of
knowledge
• Intellectual Skills: concepts and rules critical to solve
problems, serve customers, and create products
• Motor Skills: coordination of physical movements
• Attitudes: beliefs and feelings that predispose a
person to behave in a certain way
• Cognitive Strategies: strategies that regulate thinking and learning - they relate to decisions regarding what
information to attend to, how to remember, and how to solve problems
Reinforcement Theory:
• Individuals are motivated to perform or avoid behaviors because of past outcomes of behavior
• Trainers need to identify what outcomes learners find most positive and negative and then link these
outcomes to acquiring new knowledge and skills
• Positive reinforcement is a pleasurable outcome resulting from a behavior
• Negative reinforcement is the removal of an unpleasant outcome
• Extinction is withdrawing positive or negative reinforcers to eliminate a behavior
• Punishment involves providing an unpleasant outcome after a behavior
Social Learning Theory:
• Individuals learn by observing models of behavior, emulating behavior, and receiving reinforcement and
rewards
• Learning results from directly experiencing the consequences of using a skill, observing others, and seeing
the consequences of their behavior
• Four processes involved in learning: Attention, retention, motor reproduction, motivational processes
• Self-efficacy is a idiidual’s elief that he/she a suessfull learn knowledge and skills
• Self-efficacy can be increased through: verbal persuasion, logical verification, modeling, past
accomplishment
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs:
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Learning refers to relatively permanent change in human capabilities. Transfer refers to trainees applying what they have learnt to their jobs. Two types of transfer: generalization refers to applying what was learned to situations that are similar but not identical to those in training, maintenance refers to trainees continuing to use what they learned over time. Individuals learn by observing models of behavior, emulating behavior, and receiving reinforcement and rewards. Individuals with a performance orientation avoid mistakes because they do not want to appear foolish. Providing constructive feedback when trainees make mistakes. Alderfer"s theory: existence - physical needs such as food, clothing, and shelter, relatedness - interpersonal needs in personal and professional settings, growth - needs for personal development. Mcclelland"s theory: need for achievement - need to achieve challenging goals, prove something, and recognition, need for power - need to dominate and influence others and be a part of something and desire social relationships.
