BIOL3701 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Null Hypothesis, Analysis Of Variance, Bioequivalence
26 Jun 2018
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Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Monitoring Protocols
Basis for Monitoring
Integral to assess impacts or recovery
Make goals clear
Goals
oGOAL SETTING
Ecological, human
oPLANNING
Implementation, monitoring, maintenance, contingency plans,
funding
oIMPLEMENTATION
Pilot study
Multiple stages
oMONITORING
oMAINTENANCE
History of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
Studies of human effects on environment go back a long time
oE.g. industrial melanism of moths:
Moths covered by soot evolved to darker colours to survive
A concern to routinely assess impacts of development BEFORE they occur is
more recent
oDescribed as boondoggle
oData rich but information poor
Impact Assessment Basics
Concepts invoked in detecting an environmental impact are relevant to
restoration
General problem: to untangle human-derived impacts FROM natural variation:
oNature is variable in time and space
So don’t expect any habitat or ecosystem to appear exactly the
same all the time everywhere
Human activity can impose change
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
BACI Design
Examines the BEFORE (pre-construction) and AFTER (post-construction)
condition of the area
As well as to compare a CONTROL (reference site) with the IMPACT site
(restoration site)
Before and after sampling:
oDetermines how the restoration process changed the site through time,
from its historical condition
Impact
Any effect, usually detrimental that is a result of:
oAny stress or disturbance sue to a developmental or ongoing activity by
humans
Control
Any area or situation that lacks human stress or disturbance that an impact
area suffers
oPreferably, very similar in all other characteristic
oDoesn’t need to be identical – just comparable
How:
Compare data AFTER any impact with data from BEFORE
oIf different, can we conclude that an impact occurred? Not so simple.
Problems with simple schemes
oBefore-after comparisons are open to interpretation as coincidental,
natural change over time
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Implementation, monitoring, maintenance, contingency plans, funding: implementation. Studies of human effects on environment go back a long time: e. g. industrial melanism of moths: Moths covered by soot evolved to darker colours to survive. A concern to routinely assess impacts of development before they occur is more recent: described as boondoggle, data rich but information poor. Concepts invoked in detecting an environmental impact are relevant to restoration. General problem: to untangle human-derived impacts from natural variation: nature is variable in time and space. So don"t expect any habitat or ecosystem to appear exactly the same all the time everywhere. Examines the before (pre-construction) and after (post-construction) condition of the area. As well as to compare a control (reference site) with the impact site (restoration site) Before and after sampling: determines how the restoration process changed the site through time, from its historical condition.
