ANAT30007 Lecture Notes - Lecture 33: Humerus, Olecranon Fossa, Glenoid Cavity
17 Jun 2018
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Department
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Professor
Greater derived morphology in lower limb
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Lengths of (humerus+radius)/(femur+tibia)*100
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Indicates whether motion is upper (>100) or lower (<100) limb dominated
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Humans have an index of 70 - hind limb dominated, our upper limbs have shortened
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Intermembral Index
Upper Limb
Scapula
11.3 Human Evolutionary Anatomy: Upper and Lower
Limbs
Monday, 18 May 2015
9:27 pm
Locomotor Page 1
Laterally placed in monkeys - parasagittal movements
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Dorsally placed in apes and humans - greater ROM
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Monkeys: Ventrally oriented, narrow, elongated and concave
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Apes and humans: laterally oriented, wide , round and flat
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Glenoid cavity
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Projection prominent in monkeys - limits hyperflexion of arm by contacting
intertubercular groove
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Projection absent in apes and humans - allows above arm flexion and abduction
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Supraglenoid tubercule: attachment of long head of biceps
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Deltoid tuberosity lower down on humeral shaft: longer fibres, longer moment arm,
stronger abduction
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Greater and lesser tubercules placed inferior to humeral head: intertubercular groove is
lower on humeral head, permitting hyperflexion as it doesn't contact the supraglenoid
tubercle
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Compared to monkeys, humans and apes have:
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Proximal humerus
Locomotor Page 2
Document Summary
Indicates whether motion is upper (>100) or lower (<100) limb dominated. Humans have an index of 70 - hind limb dominated, our upper limbs have shortened. Dorsally placed in apes and humans - greater rom. Apes and humans: laterally oriented, wide , round and flat. Supraglenoid tubercule: attachment of long head of biceps. Projection prominent in monkeys - limits hyperflexion of arm by contacting intertubercular groove. Projection absent in apes and humans - allows above arm flexion and abduction. Deltoid tuberosity lower down on humeral shaft: longer fibres, longer moment arm, stronger abduction. Greater and lesser tubercules placed inferior to humeral head: intertubercular groove is lower on humeral head, permitting hyperflexion as it doesn"t contact the supraglenoid tubercle. Apes have an extremely long spine of scapula, with acromion projecting laterally. Both deltoid and supraspinatus have reduced action in humans. Spine of scapula projects more laterally, so trapezius inserts more laterally in apes.
