BIOM20002 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Peritoneum, Pericardium, Brainstem
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Cells at top of neural tube form neural crest
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Migrate away from neural tube to form a wide range of structures
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Lose their cell-cell adhesions
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Forms all the peripheral nervous system. Ganglia, Schwann cells etc.
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Neural crest
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HSF Page 7
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Dorsal root ganglia
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Sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia
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Enteric ganglia
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Schwann cells
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Melanocytes
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Muscle, cartilage and bone of skull, jaws, face and pharynx
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Dentine
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Can cause hole in the heart due to defect in neural crest cells
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Neural crest derivatives
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Neural tube initially one cell thick and hollow
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Rostral end of neural tube starts to swell, forming vesicles
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Vesicles give rise to brain, rest is spinal cord
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Segmentation of neural tube to develop CNS
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Hox genes are transcription factors responsible for rostrocaudal posiIoning
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Order of genes on chromosome predict expression pattern in embryo
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Hox genes in Drosophila
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HSF Page 8
Document Summary
Cells at top of neural tube form neural crest. Migrate away from neural tube to form a wide range of structures. Muscle, cartilage and bone of skull, jaws, face and pharynx. Can cause hole in the heart due to defect in neural crest cells. Neural tube initially one cell thick and hollow. Rostral end of neural tube starts to swell, forming vesicles. Vesicles give rise to brain, rest is spinal cord. Hox genes are transcription factors responsible for rostrocaudal posiioning. Order of genes on chromosome predict expression pattern in embryo. Gene duplication give four hox gene complexes in mammals. Regional distinctness of brain depends on coding of hox gene. Mesoderm is one of the three embryonic tissue types. Mesenchyme refers to the shape and behaviour of the cells (not embryological origin) Mesenchymal - cells lose contacts with one another and move independently and alone. Epithelial - in sheets or tubes, cells connected to one another.
