BIOM20002 Lecture Notes - Lecture 51: Thoracic Cavity, Mediastinum, Pulmonary Pleurae

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plumdeer622

8 Sep 2018

School

University of Melbourne

Department

Biomedicine

Course

BIOM20002

Professor

All

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Document Summary

The thoracic cavity is divided into 3 major compartments: Pleura a continuous serous membrane that covers each lung and the wall of pleural cavity. divided into: Parietal pleura covering the walls of pleural cavity. Visceral pleura covering the surface of each lung. Lung root: where trachea and arteries etc. join to lung - lung joins mediastinum here; pleura reflects and becomes visceral rather than parietal. There is no real line that demarcates visceral and parietal pleura. Visceral and parietal are continuous along the lung root. The parietal pleura is further subdivided descriptively according to the parts of the wall with which they are associated. Pleural cavity only a potential space contains a few mls of serous pleural fluid, allowing friction free movement of the lungs. A loose sleeve that hangs down, forming pulmonary ligament. Represents continuity between the parietal and visceral pleura. The lining tissue shares the same nerve supply as the structure it covers:

Related Questions

QUESTION 1

Cellular respiration uses________to produce energy and releases ________as a waste product.

		O₂; CO₂
		CO₂; O₂
		ATP; G3P
		G3P; ATP

5 points

QUESTION 2

Select all of the following that compose the conducting pathways in the respiratory system.

		nasal cavity
		Pharynx
		Larynx
		Trachea
		Bronchi
		Alveoli

5 points

QUESTION 3

Match each structure with its' function.

- A. B. C. D. E. F. G.	Nasal Cavity
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G.	Alveoli
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G.	Larynx
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G.	Trachea
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G.	Bronchi
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G.	Bronchioles
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G.	Pharynx

A.	Throat
B.	Very small branches of bronchi within the lungs.
C.	Larger branching passages for air within the lungs.
D.	Location of gas exchange with the blood.
E.	Carries air from larynx and branches into bronchi.
F.	Location of the voice box, earliest location where only air passes.
G.	Carry air into the pharynx, earliest location of cleaning, warming, and humidifying the air.

8 points

QUESTION 4

Mammals are able to inhale because increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity will decrease the pressure within the lungs. This is called_____

		pump-controlled breathing
		forced inflation breathing
		negative-pressure breathing
		stretch breathing

6 points

QUESTION 5

Indentify which muscles are primarily responsible for quiet (normal, relaxed) inspiration?

		diaphragm
		internal intercostals
		sclaenes
		abdominal muscles

coffeepig115

PLEASE HELP! THANK YOU

1. An ectopic pregnancy is a pregnancy that occurs in which of the following locations:

Select one or more:

a. uterus

b. oviducts (fallopian tubes)

c. abdominal cavity

d. pelvic cavity

2. Erectile dysfunction (the inability to develop or maintain an erection) can be caused by:

Select one or more:

a. stress

b. cigarette smoking

c. marijuana

d. hypertension medication

e. consuming 1-3 alcoholic beverages every week

3. Which of the following structures in the kidney is described as being a cluster of capillaries:

Select one:

a. nephron

b. glomerulus

c. renal medulla

d. loop of henle

4. Someone with end-stage kidney (renal) failure who does not go for their regular dialysis (a machine that carries out the kidney's functions for you) appointment will die within:

Select one:

a. hours

b. days

c. weeks

d. a year

5. Which of the following is not a function of the respiratory system:

Select one:

a. ventilating

b. breathing

c. transport of carbon dioxide from lungs to blood vessels

d. transport of carbon dioxide from tissues to blood vessels

6. The ascending colon is located in the right side of the abdominal cavity.

Select one:

True

False

7. The epiglottis prevents air from entering the digestive system when you swallow.

Select one:

True

False

8. During inhalation, several different muscles contract in order to increase the volume of the thoracic cavity.

Select one:

True

False

9. The larynx is part of the lower respiratory system.

Select one:

True

False

10. The reason cirrhosis is life-threatening is because of the liver's inability to produce bile.

Select one:

True

False

1. Which of the following are considered blood vessels within the cardiovascular system? (Select all that apply.)

Veins

Arteries \

Epithelial tissue

Capillaries

Epidermis

2. The middle muscle layer found in the walls of the heart is the __________.

Myocardium

Epicardium

Endocardium

Aorta

3. Blood is transported throughout the body via ___________.

Veins
Arteries

Capillaries

All of the above

4. The right atrium receives blood from all parts of the body except the ______________.

Abdominal cavity

Lungs

Dorsal cavity

Cranium

5. Blood carries which of the following?

Oxygen and cellular waste

Oxygen, nutrients, hormones, enzymes, and cellular waste

Nutrients, hormones, enzymes

Oxygen, nutrients, enzymes

6. Vocal chords are found in the ____________.

Bronchus

Trachea

Larynx and Pharynx

Nasal cavity

7. The trachea is mostly lined by ________________.

Alveoli

Ciliated

mucous membrane

Lung capillaries
Vocal chords

8. Excess CO2 from the body is __________________.

Stored in the pancreas

Digested by cells

Excreted by the respiration process

Used to make ATP

9. CO2 from the body is released into the lungs via _________________.

Ciliated mucous membrane

Alveolar air

Nasal cavity

Bronchial tree

10. The principal function(s) of gas exchange is ____________________.

To supply cells with oxygen

To remove CO2 from the body

Both A and B

Neither of the above

One of the most common chronic conditions affecting the respiratory system is asthma. Asthma is a condition characterized by inflammation of the airways. When an asthma attack is triggered, the airways become even more inflamed and can restrict breathing. Common symptoms during an asthma attacks include coughing, wheezing, tightness in the chest and shortness of breath. Severe asthma attacks can be fatal. People with a family history of asthma are more likely to have the condition. While there is no cure for asthma, proper medical care and a management plan can help to maintain quality of life for people living with asthma. There are different types of asthma, each with their own triggers and management plans. Type Description Exercise-induced Bronchoconstriction (EIB), or Exercise-induced Asthma (EIA) Some people only experience asthma symptoms during exercise. Exercise-induced asthma causes the narrowing of airways during exercise, which restricts the flow of air to and from the lungs. Cold, dry air tends to exacerbate symptoms, while warm, humid air may reduce symptoms. People with exercise-induced asthma should work with their doctor to create a management plan that still allows them to exercise while keeping their symptoms under control. Allergic Asthma Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma. It is triggered by inhaling allergen particulates, such as dust mites, pollen, pet dander, or mold. The bodyâs reaction to the allergens causes inflammation that results in coughing, wheezing, and other symptoms of asthma. Occupational Asthma Occupational asthma is caused by the frequent inhalation (breathing) of gases, fumes, dust, or other harmful substances in the workplace. Employees working in the chemical or petroleum industries are frequently exposed to chemicals such as Sulphur dioxide or hydrochloric acid, and may develop occupational asthma after prolonged exposure. Childhood Asthma Childhood asthma is usually developed before age 5. It is a condition that affects millions of children. It is vital that childhood asthma is properly controlled to prevent damage to the developing lungs Risk factors: â¢ Allergies â¢ Family history â¢ Frequent respiratory infections â¢ Low birth-weight â¢ Second-hand smoke â¢ Residing in a low-income, urban environment

Asthma symptoms that are triggered by exposure to pollen, pet dander, mold, or dust mites is indicative of which of the following types of asthma:

Occupational asthma

Childhood asthma

Allergic asthma

Exercise-induced asthma

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BIOM20002 Lecture Notes - Lecture 51: Thoracic Cavity, Mediastinum, Pulmonary Pleurae

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