PHYS30001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 31: Hyperglycemia, Cardiovascular Disease, Peripheral Artery Disease
Document Summary
Cardiovascular disease (cvd): leading cause of death in patients with known/unknown diabetes. Treating diabetes may significantly reduce the prevalence of cvd. What is diabetes? metabolic disorder of multiple aetiology characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia (elevated blood glucose) occurs when glucose homeostasis is disrupted, due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Australia 1. 7 million type 2 (2. 5-3 million by 2025) ~10. 3 billion a year in the australian health budget. Type 1 formally: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm) intrinsic defect in insulin production - autoimmune disorder early onset (<30 years of age) accounts for 10-15% of all diabetes cases in australia. Type 2 (focus of this lecture) formally: non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (niddm) insulin resistance usually late onset but recent in children accounts for 85-90% of all diabetes cases in australia. Symptoms don"t manifest at early stages, blood glucose elevated for a period of time by time of diagnosis. Macrovascular: heart disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease > amputations.
