PSYC10004 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Prefrontal Cortex, George Bernard Shaw, Personal Identity
29 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
PSYC10004 Mind, Brain & Behaviour 2
WEEKS 4 - 6: SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
LECTURE 10 (4.1) – Social Psychology 1
The Descent of Man (sic) [Darwin]
Phylogenetic time: evolutionary psychology
Ontogenetic time: developmental psychology
Kitty Genovese
Born March 13 1964, 3:15am, NYC, middle-class Italian-American family
oMurdered coming home to apartment after work
Attacked by Winston Moseley 30m from her door
oEscaped once when neighbour saw and yelled
oCaught, sentenced, imprisoned in 1967
oDenied parole, died in prison in 2016
1964: 38 who saw the murder didn’t call the police
oLots of misquotes and ‘fake news’
Where there’s smoke, there’s (sometimes) fire
Situation: in a room alone vs with 3 people
oSmoke puffs into room through wall vent
oThe smoke was dry ice (not-dangerous)
People alone were more likely to report the smoke
The fallen woman
Lone condition and 2 person condition
Students offered $2 to participate in game & puzzle preference survey
oAt “Consumer Testing Bureau” marketing organisation
oGreeted by attractive young woman who takes them to a room
oWoman goes into office divided by easily opened curtain
o4 min later woman sounds like climbing up ladder & then crash, scream,
moans of pain
Less likely to help if there’s 2 people
Steps involved in bystander intervention
Becoming aware of someone’s need
Experiencing arousal
Interpreting cues and labelling arousal
Working out rewards and costs associated with different actions
Making a decision and acting on it
Columbine shooting (1999)
2 students opened fire in the school then committed suicide
oKilled 13, injured 21; premeditated for over a year
Both kids (culprits) ostracised, taunted and bullied
oHarris rejected from Marines and girl (prom) a week before
oVideotapes with verbal threats to kill them
1
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
PSYC10004 Mind, Brain & Behaviour 2
School shooting incidents increased hugely from 2000
Case studies of school shootings
Leary et al (2003) analysed 15 school shootings in US between 1995 - 2001
o12/15 perpetrators had been subject to a pattern of malicious teasing
oOnly 2 cases showed no evidence of mistreatment by others
Social exclusion or ostracism
Simulating ostracism
oBall tossing game
2 confederates + 1 participant
Initially all 3 tossing, eventually exclude the participant
Guy tried to wrestle the ball away, girl almost cried
Looked at 4 domains
oBelonging; control; self-esteem; meaningful existence
Does rejection “hurt”?
o“Hurt feelings” when rejected/socially excluded (a metaphor)
fMRI
Implicit social exclusion
oParticipant watched 2 others purportedly playing cyberball
Inclusion: Participant played with 2 other players
Explicit social exclusion
oParticipant initially included (~7 tosses)
oThen excluded (~40 tosses)
Brain regions ACC & RVPFC
oACC: Anterior cingulate cortex
oRVPFC: Ventral prefrontal cortex
oBoth areas activated in response to physical pain and social rejection
LECTURE 11 (4.2) – Social Psychology 2
Forming impressions
Influenced by various factors:
oSuperficial processing of info
oSystematic info processing
Ability; motivation
oPerson’s group membership
First impressions
oCues: extracted first glance information, lead to impressions
oActs as a theme
oLater information interpreted in the light of the first impression
Impression formation
oSolomon Asch (1946): we have a gestalt (structured view of a person)
Integrates various pieces of info into a coherent whole
2
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Born march 13 1964, 3:15am, nyc, middle-class italian-american family. Attacked by winston moseley 30m from her door. 1964: 38 who saw the murder didn"t call the police. Where there"s smoke, there"s (sometimes) fire o o. Situation: in a room alone vs with 3 people. People alone were more likely to report the smoke. Students offered to participate in game & puzzle preference survey. Greeted by attractive young woman who takes them to a room: woman goes into office divided by easily opened curtain o. 4 min later woman sounds like climbing up ladder & then crash, scream, moans of pain. Less likely to help if there"s 2 people. Working out rewards and costs associated with different actions. 2 students opened fire in the school then committed suicide. Killed 13, injured 21; premeditated for over a year. Harris rejected from marines and girl (prom) a week before. Videotapes with verbal threats to kill them o o o.
