PSYC20008 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Epigenetics, Microrna, Regulator Gene
22 Aug 2018
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Need 2 copies of gene marker (one from each parent). Disorders: pku, sickle-cell anemia, taysachs disease, cystic fibrosis. Single dominant gene: only need one copy of the gene to show phenotype. Disorders: cancer, heart disease, asthma, psychiatric disorders, behaviour disorders. Sex-linked inheritance: genetic markers exist on the sex (x or y) chromosome. Disorders: red-green colour blindness, haemophilia, duchenne muscular dystrophy, fragile-x syndrome. Normal human development will only occur if a given gene is turned on and off at the correct time, in the right place and for the right length of time. Regulator genes control the switching on and off of genes. Genome: record of the genetic material of an organism encoded in dna. Epigenome: record of the chemical changes to the dna and histone proteins of an organism. External factors can affect the switching on and off of genes. There is a continuous interaction between the environment and the genotype.
