BIO1011 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Nuclear Pore, Messenger Rna, Endomembrane System
14 Jun 2018
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Lecture 7 - Cellular Organelles
Endomembranes
● System of internal membrane-bound compartments
● Only existing in eukaryotes
● Extension of the ER
Nucleus
● Contains DNA - chromatin (DNA and Proteins)
● Where RNA is formed from the DNA
● Membrane-bound so transport/protein ports exist to transfer things inside and
out of the nucleus
○ Nuclear pore complex
● Nucleolus is where the ribosomal RNA is held and made
Ribosomes
● Large subunit + small subunit
● Protein-manufacturing
● Made mostly of RNA
● Pick up mRNA (messenger RNA)
○ Template to synthesise a protein
● In eukaryotes they float around in the cytoplasm
○ Or they align themselves along the ER (more common)
● In prokaryotes they float around in cytoplasm, no ER to attach to
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Document Summary
Contains dna - chromatin (dna and proteins) Where rna is formed from the dna. Membrane-bound so transport/protein ports exist to transfer things inside and out of the nucleus. Nucleolus is where the ribosomal rna is held and made. In eukaryotes they float around in the cytoplasm. Or they align themselves along the er (more common) In prokaryotes they float around in cytoplasm, no er to attach to. Does metabolise carbs, makes lipids, phospholipids, steroid hormones, detoxification of drugs/poisons, stores calcium. Bound ribosomes, proteins passed into lumen empty (cid:3247)pillowy(cid:3248) sections (sacs), carbs added (glycoproteins), makes phospholipids and proteins (assembles membranes) Proteins enter the er using signal sequence of amino acids. Modified proteins are sent to the golgi to sort and organise them before. Vesicles fuse at the cis-golgi (same side of) to form new cisternae (long releasing them to where they are needed vesicles) Produced in er and released by golgi.
