BIO1022 Lecture 21: BIO1022 – Lecture 21 – Internal Transport
30 May 2018
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BIO1022 – Lecture 21 – Internal Transport
- diffusion rate increases when squared
- invertebrate diffusion
• direct uptake from the environment
• requires direct contact with medium
- invertebrate circulation
• gastrovascular cavity
•
o diffusion of nutrients over short distance
• dedicated circulatory systems
•
o needed when diffusion distances are large
o three parts
o
▪ fluid
▪ vessels
▪ muscular pump
o peristaltic pump
o
▪ peristaltic wave of movement - muscle contractions
o chamber pump
• open circulation
•
o low pressure
o distribution of blood not well regulated
o characteristic of an insect, crustaceans, anthropods
o return to heart - slow
o multiple hearts
o draw fluid from one part - take it to front - dump near head
o haemolymph surrounding body tissues
• closed circulation
•
o high pressure
o distribution of blood well regulated
o return to heart - rapid
o found in humans
o blood
o can direct blood more easily
- vertebrate circulation
• closed cardiovascular system
• adapted to demands of animal and particular organs
• heart rate decreases as the animal body mass increases
• blood supply correlated with metabolic requirement of animal and organ
• heart - gas exchange - arteries - arterioles - capillaries - venues - veins -
heart
• single circuit blood flow
•
o found in fish
o heart - gills - tissue
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