BMS2021 Lecture 3: BMS2021 WEEK 3 TOPIC B
15 Aug 2018
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Image 1: (a) requires cells to be in direct membrane-contact (b) paracrine = in the same tissue. Pathway activated by an extracellular signal molecule. Signal molecule usually binds to a receptor protein that is embedded in the plasma membrane of the target cell. Receptor activates one or more intracellular signalling pathways, involving serious of signalling proteins. One or more of the intracellular signalling proteins alters the activity of effector proteins and thereby the behaviour of the cell. Signal transduction: conversion of information into a chemical change. All cells have specific and highly sensitive signal transduction mechanisms (become conserved during evolution: wide variety of stimuli act through specific protein receptors in the plasma membrane. Receptors bind the signal molecule and initiate process that amplifies the signal. This is integrated with an input from other receptors, and transmits the information throughout the cell. If the signal persists, receptor desensitisation reduces or ends the response.
