ATS2624 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: International Telecommunication Union, Pax Britannica, Global Governance
25 May 2018
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Global Governance – Lecture – Week 5 – Inter-war Global Governance
second module - history of global governance
- emergence and evolution of global governance closely tied to emergence of a
globalising economy, since mid-19th century
- a global economy creates
• potential for greater cooperation and prosperity
• crises and problems on a global scale
- global governance necessary to realise potentials during stability and to resolve
crises and deal with its negative features
- not obvious to first planners of global governance
- only learnt through harsh lessons of failure - World War I and World War II
- globalising world in the 19th century
• global world only begins to emerge in mid-19th century
• emergence of Britain as an industry capitalist power
• colonial expansion to gain access to resources and markets
• other nations try to emulate Britain
• 3 obstacles
• political and technical constraints on trade and finance
• lack of smoothly functioning international monetary system
• tensions between expanding powers
- pax britannica
• first attempt to govern the world by Britain
•
o promotes free trade
o establishment of institutions to provide infrastructure for a global
economy - International Telegraph Union etc.
o Gold standard - British pound becomes a de facto global currency
o promotion of rules amongst colonial powers - Berlin Conference to
carve up Africa
• unprecedented levels of trade and finance - first wave of globalisation
• expectations of new era of global peace, prosperity and cooperation
- the problems with a globalised economy
• conflicts generated by the expansion of capitalism
•
o developing world - remaking old feudal societies creates conflict,
rise of nationalism
o west - shift of power from old aristocratic elite to a new business
elite and mass working class - social unrest, threat of socialism,
appeals to nationalism
o amongst industrial powers - states catching up to britain want a
bigger say in global gov
• Pax Britannica has no answers to these - WWI
- post-world 1 settlement
• Paris Peace conference - make germany pay
• WW1
• Peace Treaty - Versailles
• four victors - conference to draft treaty for losers of WWI
• loss of territory for germany
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