BIOL2200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Cytokinesis, Focal Adhesion, Polymerization
CYTOSKELETON
Lecture 1: introduction to cell motility and the cytoskeleton
Cell motility
Cells have to organise their shape in a variety of ways
They need to move during embryonic development cells have to migrate to specific areas
They need to move in mature organisms: neutrophils and macrophages moving toward
pathogens such as skin cells and other cells that are part of the immune system
Certain parts of cells only need to move: microvilli in gut epithelia
These are all organised by the cytoskeleton
Overview of cytoskeleton
Microphillic bundles etc
Components of the cytoskeleton
Cytoskeleton is a network within cells comprising three filamentous components:
microfilaments, microtubules, intermediate filaments
Note size
Regulation of cytoskeleton by cell signalling
Examples of actin-based structures
Cytoskeleton components
Microfilaments rest of lecture
oPolymers of actin
oContractile
oCan occur in bundles
oImportant in motility and in plasma membrane shape
oInteract with myosin and other proteins
Microtubules
oPolymers of tubulin
oExtend throughout the cell
oProvide a support for cilia and flagella
oMake up the structure of the mitotic spindle
oTransport cargo: molecular motors
Intermediate filaments
oTissue-species filamentous structures
oPolymers of desmin, cytokeratin, neural filaments or lamin
oProvide tensile strength and support
Actin and microfilaments
Microfilaments consist of polymers of actin
oActin: 375 a.a. protein
oCan exist in two forms:
G actin (Globular, monomeric)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Lecture 1: introduction to cell motility and the cytoskeleton. Cells have to organise their shape in a variety of ways. They need to move during embryonic development cells have to migrate to specific areas. They need to move in mature organisms: neutrophils and macrophages moving toward pathogens such as skin cells and other cells that are part of the immune system. Certain parts of cells only need to move: microvilli in gut epithelia. These are all organised by the cytoskeleton. Cytoskeleton is a network within cells comprising three filamentous components: microfilaments, microtubules, intermediate filaments. Microfilaments rest of lecture o o o o o. Important in motility and in plasma membrane shape. Provide a support for cilia and flagella: make up the structure of the mitotic spindle o. Polymers of desmin, cytokeratin, neural filaments or lamin. Microfilaments consist of polymers of actin: actin: 375 a. a. protein. Each actin molecule can bind either atp or adp.
