NUTR1023 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Diarrhea, Monounsaturated Fat, Starch
NUTR1023 Health and Fitness Through Diet and Exercise
Summer Semester 2017
Module 4 – Macronutrients (PART 1)
Objectives
At the end of this module students will be able to do the following:
• List the functions of carbohydrates, proteins and fats in the body.
• Describe how carbohydrates, proteins and fats are digested and absorbed.
• Describe the chemical structures and classifications of carbohydrates, proteins and
fats.
• List some rich food sources of carbohydrates, proteins and fats.
• Briefly describe the effect of manipulating dietary macronutrient intake on body
weight and other risk factors for chronic disease.
Study Tasks
1. Watch the videos Carbohydrates, Protein and Fats. Then read chapters 4, 5 and
6 of the Tapsell textbook (pages 53-76 and 127-137 in these chapters
discuss Micronutrients which we will cover in Module 5) before completing the
following activities:
• Which hormone regulates the passage of glucose into cells?
Insulin (removes glucose from blood and puts into cells) and Glucagon (stimulates
liver to release glucose into blood stream). Low glucose levels (not enough energy
– particularly to the brain), High glucose levels (particularly over long periods of
time, causes damage to blood vessels and tissues).
• Which enzyme digests carbohydrate in the mouth?
Amylase
• Where does most carbohydrate digestion occur?
Small intestine (enzymes released from pancreas), polysaccharide >
monosaccharide.
• What happens to carbohydrates that resist digestion in the small intestine?
They move to the large bowel and become fermented by bacteria of the colon to
produce short chain fatty acids that are rapidly absorbed and used for energy.
• How are carbohydrates stored in the body?
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Nutr1023 health and fitness through diet and exercise. At the end of this module students will be able to do the following: List the functions of carbohydrates, proteins and fats in the body: describe how carbohydrates, proteins and fats are digested and absorbed, describe the chemical structures and classifications of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. List some rich food sources of carbohydrates, proteins and fats: briefly describe the effect of manipulating dietary macronutrient intake on body weight and other risk factors for chronic disease. Study tasks: watch the videos (cid:858)carbohydrates(cid:859), (cid:858)protein(cid:859) and (cid:858)fats(cid:859). Insulin (removes glucose from blood and puts into cells) and glucagon (stimulates liver to release glucose into blood stream). Dieta(cid:396)y (cid:272)holeste(cid:396)ol (cid:894)ste(cid:396)ol(cid:895) a(cid:374)d t(cid:396)ia(cid:272)ylgly(cid:272)e(cid:396)ol"s (cid:894)gly(cid:272)e(cid:396)ol (cid:272)hai(cid:374) (cid:449)ith th(cid:396)ee fatty acids attached). Absorption: directly into bloodstream (glycerol and short/medium chain fatty acids) or lymphatic system (long chain fatty acids: micelles diffuse into intestinal cells, reassembly of triglycerides, packed with proteins into chylomicrons, bypass liver): explain lipid digestion.
