PSYC1020 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Carl Wernicke, Wilder Penfield, Phineas Gage
PSYC1020: Brohas Aphasia ad Werikes Aphasia
• Phineas Gage:
➢ accident in 1848 (metal rod went through skull).
➢ Remained conscious, severe damage to frontal lobes.
➢ Died twenty years later and skull examined.
➢ His physician, John Harlow, reported profound personality changes.
• 1861: Paul Broca described a patient unable to speak after damage to the left frontal
loe dued Broas Area.
• Broas Aphasia:
➢ speech production.
➢ Speech slow and non-fluent.
➢ Difficulty finding apt words (anomia).
➢ Speech still carries meaning.
➢ Comprehension mostly unaffected.
• Werikes Area – language comprehension
1874: Carl Wernicke suggested lesions to left frontal lobe areas affects comprehension.
• Werikes Aphasia:
➢ Unable to understand language (comprehension).
Left heisphere: Broas ad Werikes Areas.
• Wilder Penfield:
➢ stimulated brain with electrical probes while patients were conscious
(surgery for epilepsy).
➢ 1951: published maps of motor and sensory cortices of human brain.
• Homunculus:
➢ Primary sensory cortex
➢ Primary motor cortex
➢ Brai futio apped y eletrial stiulatio.
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Document Summary
Psyc1020: bro(cid:272)ha(cid:859)s aphasia a(cid:374)d wer(cid:374)i(cid:272)ke(cid:859)s aphasia: phineas gage: Accident in 1848 (metal rod went through skull). Remained conscious, severe damage to frontal lobes. Died twenty years later and skull examined. His physician, john harlow, reported profound personality changes: 1861: paul broca described a patient unable to speak after damage to the left frontal lo(cid:271)e (cid:894)du(cid:271)(cid:271)ed bro(cid:272)a(cid:859)s area(cid:895), bro(cid:272)a(cid:859)s aphasia: Comprehension mostly unaffected: wer(cid:374)i(cid:272)ke(cid:859)s area language comprehension. 1874: carl wernicke suggested lesions to left frontal lobe areas affects comprehension: wer(cid:374)i(cid:272)ke(cid:859)s aphasia: Left he(cid:373)isphere: bro(cid:272)a(cid:859)s a(cid:374)d wer(cid:374)i(cid:272)ke(cid:859)s areas: wilder penfield: Stimulated brain with electrical probes while patients were conscious (surgery for epilepsy). 1951: published maps of motor and sensory cortices of human brain: homunculus: Brain stimulation > sensation or movement (muscle twitch) Size of area on cortex determines sensitivity or fine motor control: autonomic nervous system: Increases stomach stomach & intestine activity (digestion)
