PSYC2040 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Group Cohesiveness
Document Summary
Impact of presence of others on individual task performance: effect was due to presence of an audience, regardless of whether they were. Social loafing: do people work harder individually or in groups, ringelmann (1913, participants pulled on a rope alone or in groups, force did not increase proportionately to the increase in group size. Indicates that the more people that helped, the less effort they each put in individually: when efforts are pooled and individual performances can"t be identified it can lead us to put in a lower amount of effort. Ingham, levinger, graves and peckham (1974: people engage in a rope pulling task while blindfolded, they thought they were working alone or with others, the task measured individual effort on the task. Latane, williams and harkins (1979: people told to make as much noise as they could, group size was manipulated, sound per person was measured.
