9892 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Syllogism, Learned Society, Universal Property
28 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Realism:
Strengths: knowledge derived from experience and testing
Weaknesses: lack of vision/wholeness/big picture
Tangible world of matter and the observation of it is the starting point for knowledge
acquisition
Rejects the notion that only ideas are real, allows for scientific thought
Principle of independence: reality, knowledge and value exist independently of the
human mind
Time as two directional: pulling from the future, pushing from the past e.g. water bottle
or person travelling from A->B; mind is already there, body gets pulled there (classical)
Observation, experimentation: inductivethinking begins with a question, or observation,
and works up to finding a theory or explanation for the issue
Senses are essential for learning facts and knowledge
Forerunner to behaviourism; modern versions emphasise fact based approach, testing
of measurable outcomes and survival (economic prosperity)
Students have predispositions, educators must balance individual preferences. Children
bring to school their bodies and minds; must be a balance between abstract and
practical learning
Good education teaches the Golden Mean, education is necessary to shape virtues and
develop reasoning capacities so the right choices can be made
Schools should teach fundamental facts about the universe, proper understanding of the
world requires an understanding of facts
Purpose of education is to teach students whatthey need to know to survive
(technological and scientific society). Maths, science, reading and writing are important
to function as adult
Aristotle: (Classical)
Proper study of matter can lead us to better, more distinct ideas (used matter as an
object of study to reach something further)
Everything physical (trees, sticks etc.) exist whether there is a human mind to perceive
them
People differ in particular properties but have the same universal properties
Form and matter
o Form is consistentbut matter is always changing
o Matter and form are different kinds of being, but fundamental aspects of the
same thing
o Form is within matter: it determines its potential, which may or may not be
actualised (Actuality: try to unite world of matter with world of forms/
Potentiality: capable of being actualised) – everything is in some stage of
actualisation
o We get to form (or true reality) through studying material things as well as using
reason
o Relationship between form and matter has causes…Material cause (matter
from which something is made), formal cause (the design that shapes the
material object), efficiency cause (agent that produces the object), final cause
(direction which the object is tending)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Tangible world of matter and the observation of it is the starting point for knowledge acquisition. Rejects the notion that only ideas are real, allows for scientific thought. Principle of independence: reality, knowledge and value exist independently of the human mind. Time as two directional: pulling from the future, pushing from the past e. g. water bottle or person travelling from a->b; mind is already there, body gets pulled there (classical) Observation, experimentation: inductivethinking begins with a question, or observation, and works up to finding a theory or explanation for the issue. Senses are essential for learning facts and knowledge. Forerunner to behaviourism; modern versions emphasise fact based approach, testing of measurable outcomes and survival (economic prosperity) Students have predispositions, educators must balance individual preferences. Children bring to school their bodies and minds; must be a balance between abstract and practical learning.
