HPE100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Cardiovascular Disease, Climate Council, Osteoporosis
6 Jun 2018
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HPE 100- Lecture 2 (7/3/17)
Epidemiology, research and how it links to health
A state of oplete phsial, etal ad soial elleig ad ot erel the asee of
disease ad ifirit. WHO, 1947
Dimensions of health
• Intellectual health
• Physical health
• Spiritual health
• Social health
• Emotional health
• Environmental health
Research evidence:
Purpose to help us make informed decisions
(e.g. set policy, change legislation, treat patients, prevent disease, establish community
programs Etc. Etc. Etc........)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Measuring health (study of people)
• Epidemiology is an example of research evidence which is collected about a
population
• Helps public health sectors make informed decisions
• Many different sub-fields
Uses of Epidemiology (Gordis, 2000)
• Identifies causes of disease including the risk factors for the disease.
• Determine the extent of the disease in the community
• Examines natural history of disease and prognosis of disease
• Investigates and controls disease outbreaks
Uses of Epidemiology (Gordis, 2000)
• Describes and monitors the population health and the patterns of disease
• Evaluates new preventive and therapeutic interventions and modes of health care
delivery
• Provides information to inform public policy decisions
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Example: Prognosis
A patiet a ask a dotor, Ho log ill I lie?’’
The doctor usually answers on the basis of:
• Research evidence:
• Experience with large groups of patients who had the same disease
• Were observed at the same stage of disease and received the same treatment
E.g. - Historical epidemic – to understand an event
• Following Table is based on an actual human experience - a disaster
• Tells us how many people at this historical episode died – also various ages, SES,
gender.
• The challenge is to use the data to describe the event systematically in terms of
whom this happened to and think about the sort of event that might have caused
such a pattern
TITANIC: table below
1. Overall death rate is high –more than 2/3rds died
2. Lower SES higher the death rate
3. Death rate of men (80%) was higher than women (25.6%), children were in between these 2
4. Men – death rate high in all SES groups, although high SES group fared best
5. Women – death rate was much higher in the low SES groups
6. Only children to die were of low SES
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find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
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