HUBS1403 Lecture Notes - Lecture 27: Coccyx, Cingulate Cortex, Memory Consolidation
8 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
CNS Organisation
Organisation of the Brain
• Cerebral Hemispheres
o Conscious thought
o Voluntary movement
o Memory
• Diencephalon
o Relay sensory info
o Endocrine and autonomic control
• Brainstem
o Control motor and visceral function -
cardiac and respiratory movement
o Subconscious motor control
• Cerebellum
o Coordination of movement
Part
Description
Diencephalon
- Thalamus &
Hypothalamus
Thalamus and hypothalamus are superior to midbrain
Thalamus
• filter/relay centre for all sensory information (except smell)
• Important in deciding which information reaches the cortex - filters out
unimportant information so cortex is not overloaded
Hypothalamus
• lies inferior to thalamus
• Site of regulation of endocrine and autonomic - cortical input onto the
hypothalamus
o Eg HR, breathing rate
• Central autonomic control centre. Regulator of homeostasis
Midbrain
• Superior to the pons
• 2 cranial nerve originate in the midbrain (oculomotor and trochlear (trochlear
originates on a different side than most other cranial nerves)) visual and
auditory information
• Site of cerebral peduncles (motor and sensory axons)
Cerebellum
• Lies inferior to cerebral hemispheres and posterior to pons and medulla
oblongata
• Coordinates skeletal muscle movement, corrects incorrect movements (eg
stumble)
• Has role in the maintenance of normal muscle tone, posture and balance
Pons
• Lies inferior to midbrain and anterior to cerebellum
• Site of cranial nerve nuclei and autonomic nuclei. Importantly, the pons is the
site for respiratory control
• Ascending (sensory) and descending (motor) tracts pass through the pons
Medulla
Oblongata
• Lies inferior to pons
• Site of many cranial nerve nuclei and autonomic nuclei
Document Summary
Organisation of the brain: cerebral hemispheres, conscious thought, voluntary movement, memory, diencephalon, relay sensory info, endocrine and autonomic control, brainstem, control motor and visceral function - cardiac and respiratory movement, subconscious motor control, cerebellum, coordination of movement. Thalamus filter/relay centre for all sensory information (except smell) Important in deciding which information reaches the cortex - filters out unimportant information so cortex is not overloaded. Site of regulation of endocrine and autonomic - cortical input onto the hypothalamus: eg hr, breathing rate, central autonomic control centre. Superior to the pons: 2 cranial nerve originate in the midbrain (oculomotor and trochlear (trochlear. Cerebellum originates on a different side than most other cranial nerves)) visual and auditory information. Site of cerebral peduncles (motor and sensory axons) Lies inferior to cerebral hemispheres and posterior to pons and medulla oblongata: coordinates skeletal muscle movement, corrects incorrect movements (eg stumble, has role in the maintenance of normal muscle tone, posture and balance.
