HUBS1404 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Post-Translational Modification, Phosphate, Signal Transduction
19 Jul 2018
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Links up stimulus and response: eg ap arrives at presynaptic cleft and causes release of neurotransmitter. Link to release of neurotransmitter = ca: a lot of clotting factors require ca. Stimulus - response coupling: critically involved in many cellular processes, hormone secretion, muscle contraction, nerve conduction, exocytosis, enzyme activation, blood clotting. Signal transduction - intracellular messenger: requirement for precise regulation of ecf free ca2+ - otherwise will trigger other reactions, plasma [ca2+] = 1. 0-1. 3 mm (free ca2+) Distribution: most abundant mineral in the body, 99% (1kg) found in bones and teeth in form of ca, calcium salts are the hard parts. Relatively low levels of loss/gain ca (usually 100mg in and 100mg loss/day) Transfer of ca within the body is what is important rather than the absorption of external ca. Phosphate energy metabolism (atp, adp, amp: high energy phosphate bonds, nucleic acids, phospholipids, enzyme activation/deactivation (kinases, phosphatases, protein post-translational modification (targeting, phosphate buffers, urinary buffers.
