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CHEM1011 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Trigonal Planar Molecular Geometry, Lone Pair, Molecular Geometry

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9 Jun 2018

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Lecture 17: VSEPR + Dipole moments

Three electron areas with lone pairs

Three areas of electrons: Trigonal planar

- Remove one arm from the electron pair arrangement for each long pair present

Four electron areas with lone pairs

- Lone pairs are slightly stronger than boned pairs

- 2 lone pairs in H20 are pulling and therefore the angle would be a little smaller than

109.5

Molecular geometry

- Repulsion: lone pair-lone pair

> lone pair- bond pair > bond

pair- bond pair

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Document Summary

Remove one arm from the electron pair arrangement for each long pair present. Lone pairs are slightly stronger than boned pairs. 2 lone pairs in h20 are pulling and therefore the angle would be a little smaller than. 3 lone pair-bond pair 90 degrees angles in 2nd model. 2 lone pair-bond pair 90 degrees angles in 3rd model. 3rd configuration is favored because it has less repulsion. All of lone pair areas always go around equator to avoid 90 degrees lone to lone pair. Do not have to worry about axis or equator because all 6 positions are equal. Straight line is a bond in the plain of the page. A solid wedge is coming out of the page towards us. Shaded wedge is going back into the page. Any bond between two different atoms will be polar. A molecule has a permanent dipole moment if it contains polar bonds and it is not a symmetrical shape.

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Related Questions

Draw the Lewis structure for , then answer the following questions:

a. How many valence electrons does this compound have?

b. How many bonded electrons does this compound have?

c. How many lone pairs of electrons does this compound have?

d. How many single bonds does this compound have?

e. How many double bonds does this compound have?

f. What is the electron group arrangement (aka electron pair geometry) (enter one of the following: linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, octahedral)?

g. What is the molecular arrangement (aka shape) (enter one of the following: linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, bent, trigonal bipyramidal, seesaw, T-shaped, octahedral, square pyramidal, square planar)?

h. Predict the approximate bond angle (enter e.g. 90, 109.5, 120, 180, <109.5, >109.5).

tanjellyfish484

Show transcribed image text LTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers th tion. 1) 1) How many lone pairs are on the Br atom in BrF2-? D) 3 A) 1 B) 0 C) 2 2) 2) Based on VSEPR theory, which should have the smallest XAX bond angle? D) A) B) C)
5) Arrange in order from the smallest to the largest bond angle: CH3+, NF3, NH4+, XeF4. 5) A) XeF4, NH4+, NF3, CH3+ C) NF3, NH4+, XeF4, CH3+ B) XeF4, NF3, NH4+, CH3+ D) CH3+, NF3, NH4+, XeF4
11) What is the bond angle in the following molecular model of NO2-? A) less than 109.5 B) 109.5 C) less than 120Â° but greater than 109.5 D) 120Â° 12) 12) What are the bond angles in the folowing molecular model of SO32-? ao A) less than 109.5 B) 109.5Â° C) less than 120Â° but greater than 109.5 D) 120 13) 13) How many of the following molecules are polar? B) 0 D) 3 E) 1 A) 2 14 14) Determine the electron geometry (eg, molecular geometry (mg. and polarity of Pa A) eg-trigonal pyramidal mg-trigonal pyramidal polar B) eg-tetrahedral mg-bent, polar C) eg-tetrahedral, mg-trigonal pyramidal polar D) eg-linear, mg-linear, nompolar E) eg-trigonal planar, mg-trigonal planar, nonpolar 15) Which orbital hybridization is associated with a tetrahedral charge cloud arrangement? 15)__ B) sp3 D) None of these C) sp 16) Which of the following is not true? 16 A) An sp3 hybrid orbital may hold a lone pair of electrons B) An sp3 hybrid orbital may form a pi bond by overlap with an orbital on another atom. C) An sp3 hybrid orbital may form a sigma bond by overlap with an orbital on another atom. D) The sp3 hybrid orbitals are degenerate.
chlo 17) What orbital hybridization is expected for the central atom in a molecule with a trigonal 17)_ planar geometry? A) sp2 C) sp B) sp3 D) None of these 18) Which atomic orbitals are involved in bonding and which as lone pair orbitals for 18) N2H2? H N N-H A) boading: s on H, sp2 and p on N B) bonding: s on H, sp2 on N C) bonding: sp2 on both H and N D) bonding: s on H, p on N lone pair: sp2 on N lone pair: p on N lone pair: p on N lone pair: sp2 on N 19) Place the following in order of increasing dipole moment 20) Give the hybridization for the O in OF2 21) Give the hybridization for the Br in BrCl3 22) Give the hybridization for the C in HCCH A)sp 20) E) sp3 Ð)sp3d 21) D) sp E)sp3 A)sp3 B) sp3d2 C) sp 22) D) sp3d E)sp2
23) Identify the set of hybrid orbitals shown below. A) sp C) sp3 B) sp2 D) None of these 24) Which molecule has a central atom that uses the set of hybrid orbitals shown below to form bonds 24) with the non-central atoms? A) NO2 B) H20 C) co2

8 which of the following solids would have the highest melting point? ( 1) KI (2) KBr (3) KCI (4) KF 9. What type of chemical bond holds the atoms together within a water molecule? (1) polar ionic bond(3) non polar covalent bond (4) coordinate covalent bond 10. Which of the following covalent bonds is the most polar (i.e., highest percent ionic character)? (1) A -CI (2) Si- (3)Al- (4) SI-Ci 11. The total number of valence electrons in the ion SO is (1)32 (2)28 (3)30 (4) 26 12. The Lewis structure reveals a double bond in which of the following molecules? (1)N (2) Br (3) CS: (4) CaHe 13. The Lewis structure reveals an unpaired electron (free radical) in which of the following species? () NO (2)N:O (3) NO (4) NO 14. The number of lone electron pairs in the CIO ion is (1) 12 (2)16 (3)4 (4)0 15. The formal charge on the bromine atom in BrOs drawn with three single bonds is (1)*2 16. Which of the elements listed below would most likely form a polar covalent bond when bonded to sulfur? 17. Give the number of lone pairs around the central atom and the molecular geometry of SeF(1)0 lone 18. According to Molecular Orbital Theory, two separate 1s orbitals interact to form what molecular orbital(l)? 19. The Lewis dot symbol for the S-ion is (2)-1 (1) K (2) Mg (3)C (4)o pairs, tetrahedral (2) 1 lone pair, square pyramidal (3) 1 lone pair, tetrahedral (4) 1 lone pair, distorted tetrahedron (seesaw) (1)oonly (2) Ï only (3) Ï and Ï. (4) Ï and Ï. 2- 20. Which of the following molecules has polar bonds but is a nonpolar molecule? (1) CO (2) Cla 21. Use VSEPR theory to predict the geometry of the SFe molecule. (1) trigonal bipyramidal (2) bent 22. The geometry of the hybrid orbitals about a central atom with sp hybridization is (1) linear (2) bent 23. Which of the following molecules have the same geometries? (1) CO2 and BeHa (2) SFa and CHe 24. According to the VSEPR theory, which one of the following species is linear? (1)HaS (2) SO2 25. Which of the following substances will display an incomplete octet in its Lewis structure? (1) CO2 26. Predict the geometry and polarity of the CS2 molecule. (1) linear, polar (2) linear, nonpolar (3) SO (4) HBr (3) trigonal planar (4) octahedral (3) trigonal planar(4) tetrahedral (3) CO2 and NO2 (4) N2O and NO2 (3) BFs (4) BeF2 (2) NO (3) Cl2 (4) BrCI (3) bent, nonpolar (4) bent, polar

Show transcribed image text 8 which of the following solids would have the highest melting point? ( 1) KI (2) KBr (3) KCI (4) KF 9. What type of chemical bond holds the atoms together within a water molecule? (1) polar ionic bond(3) non polar covalent bond (4) coordinate covalent bond 10. Which of the following covalent bonds is the most polar (i.e., highest percent ionic character)? (1) A -CI (2) Si- (3)Al- (4) SI-Ci 11. The total number of valence electrons in the ion SO is (1)32 (2)28 (3)30 (4) 26 12. The Lewis structure reveals a double bond in which of the following molecules? (1)N (2) Br (3) CS: (4) CaHe 13. The Lewis structure reveals an unpaired electron (free radical) in which of the following species? () NO (2)N:O (3) NO (4) NO 14. The number of lone electron pairs in the CIO ion is (1) 12 (2)16 (3)4 (4)0 15. The formal charge on the bromine atom in BrOs drawn with three single bonds is (1)*2 16. Which of the elements listed below would most likely form a polar covalent bond when bonded to sulfur? 17. Give the number of lone pairs around the central atom and the molecular geometry of SeF(1)0 lone 18. According to Molecular Orbital Theory, two separate 1s orbitals interact to form what molecular orbital(l)? 19. The Lewis dot symbol for the S-ion is (2)-1 (1) K (2) Mg (3)C (4)o pairs, tetrahedral (2) 1 lone pair, square pyramidal (3) 1 lone pair, tetrahedral (4) 1 lone pair, distorted tetrahedron (seesaw) (1)oonly (2) Ï only (3) Ï and Ï. (4) Ï and Ï. 2- 20. Which of the following molecules has polar bonds but is a nonpolar molecule? (1) CO (2) Cla 21. Use VSEPR theory to predict the geometry of the SFe molecule. (1) trigonal bipyramidal (2) bent 22. The geometry of the hybrid orbitals about a central atom with sp hybridization is (1) linear (2) bent 23. Which of the following molecules have the same geometries? (1) CO2 and BeHa (2) SFa and CHe 24. According to the VSEPR theory, which one of the following species is linear? (1)HaS (2) SO2 25. Which of the following substances will display an incomplete octet in its Lewis structure? (1) CO2 26. Predict the geometry and polarity of the CS2 molecule. (1) linear, polar (2) linear, nonpolar (3) SO (4) HBr (3) trigonal planar (4) octahedral (3) trigonal planar(4) tetrahedral (3) CO2 and NO2 (4) N2O and NO2 (3) BFs (4) BeF2 (2) NO (3) Cl2 (4) BrCI (3) bent, nonpolar (4) bent, polar