EXSS3023 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Cardiac Output, Skeletal Muscle, Stroke Volume

• School: University of Sydney
• Department: Exercise and Sport Science
• Course: EXSS3023
• Professor: Che Fornusek

Document Summary

Physical activity: body movement produced via contraction of skeletal muscle = increased energy expenditure. Exercise: planned, structure and repetitive movement, improves components of fitness. Structural and functional decline due to muscular cardiovascular, pulmonary, physical function, as well as body composition and metabolism. Muscular function: decreases in muscular endurance, higher fatigue, decreases in strength after 65-70yrs, faster decrease in lower body strength, faster decrease in power. Explained by decreased muscle csa, quality of muscle, motor control. Balance: changes in biomechanics due to sensory, motor and cognitive changes, higher amount of falls, due to weakness, eye issues, fainting, medications. Motor performance: reaction time, complex tasks, speed of movement. Flexibility/rom: due to muscle and tendon elasticity, mostly in hip, spine, and ankle. Cardiac function: decreased hrmax, stroke volume, cardiac output, increased blood pressure. Ventilation: chest wall stiffens, decreased expiratory muscle strength, different breathing techniques. Gas exchange: loss of alveoli/increased alveoli size, decreased area for exchange.